oedema

Question 1

what is oedema?

Answer 1

water retention causing pulmonary oedema or peripheral oedema

Question 2

thiazide diuretics imp points

Answer 2

bendroflumethiazide, indapamide

inhibit Na reabsorption at DCT

last upto 24hrs - need to be taken early in day to avoid sleep disruption

Question 3

loop diuretic - imp points

Answer 3

furosemide, bumetanide, torasemide

inhibit reabsorption from ascending limb of loop of henle

used in pulmonary oedema due to left ventricular failure

last 6 hrs - can be used twice a day without sleep disruption

Question 4

potassium sparing diuretics - imp pointsy

Answer 4

k+ sparing:
- amiloride, triamterene (blue urine)
- inhibit Na reabsorption from dct

aldosterone antagonist
- spironolactone, eplerenone
- inhibit potassium secretion in dct
- stopped if person becomes dehydrated due to vomiting+/-diarrhoea

should not be taken with potassium supplements

Question 5

diuretics SEs

Answer 5

all diuretics induce hyponatremia and hypomagnesaemia

thiazide + loop:
- hypokalaemia
- can exacerbate diabetes and gout
- hypotension

potassium sparing:
- hyperkalaemia
- change in libido
- breast pain/tenderness

Question 6

diuretics interactions

Answer 6

loop + thiazide - with hypokalaemia inducing drugs

potassium sparing with hyperkalaemia inducing drugs

loop + aminoglycosides - nephrotoxicity + ototoxicity

spiro/loop + lithium - reduces lithium secretion