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OEC > OEC > Flashcards

OEC Flashcards

1
Q

What are the five overall parts of a patient assessment?

A

Scene size up
Primary patient assessment
History taking
Secondary assessment
Re-assessment

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2
Q

What is the difference between a sign and a symptom

A

Sign is something I see.
Symptom is something reported by the patient.

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3
Q

What is the neck pulse called

A

Carotid

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4
Q

What is the arm pulse called

A

Brachial

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5
Q

What is the wrist pulse called

A

Radial

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6
Q

What is the groin pulse called

A

Femoral

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7
Q

What are the three types of consent

A

Informed
Implied
Minor

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8
Q

Parts of scene size up

A

Safety
Nature of Injury
Precautions
Number Patients
Resources

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9
Q

Parts of Primary Assesment

A

May I help you
Take a finger and point to where it hurts the most
Bleeding
ABCD Airway/Breathing/Circulation/Disability
Responsiveness AVPU Alert/Verbal/Pain/Unresponsive
Radio call SAILER sex/age/injury/location/equipment/resources

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10
Q

Parts of Secondary Assesment

A

Head to toe exam
Palpate
Pupil check
Tongue out
Feel and move extremities
Deep breath
Vitals- heart rate and respiration rate

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11
Q

How do I take a medical history

A

S signs and symptoms
A allergies
M medication
P past history
L last ate or drank
E events leading up to the

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12
Q

What is in a short toboggan

A

Tarp
Blanket
Splints

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13
Q

What is in a long toboggan

A

Tarp
Blankets
Splints
Backboard
C Collar

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14
Q

ABCD

A

Airway
Breathing
Circulation
Disability

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15
Q

How do I assess the level of responsiveness

A

A Alert
V Verbal
P Pain
U Unresponsive

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16
Q

How do I make a radio call

A

S sex
A age
I injury
L location
E equipment
R resources

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17
Q

How do I assess the eyes

A

P pupils
E equal
R round
R respond to
L light

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18
Q

How do I assess trauma related injuries

A

D deformity
C contusions
A abrasions
P puncture
B burns
T tenderness
L lacerations
S swelling

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19
Q

Normal pulse

A

Adult 60-100
Child 80-100

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20
Q

Normal Respiration

A

Adult 12-20
Child 15-30

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21
Q

Normal blood pressure

A

Adult 90-140 over 60-90
Child 80-100

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22
Q

Normal oxygen saturation

A

94-99

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23
Q

How do I assess level of pain

A

O onset
P palpation
Q quality
R radiation
S severity
T time

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24
Q

How often do I take vitals

A

5 minutes critical
15 minutes stable

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25
Q

How do I open an airway

A

Head Tilt Chin Lift

Jaw thrust if cervical spine injury

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26
Q

The presence of a radial pulse correlates to a minimum systolic pressure of ?

A

80

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27
Q

What is the lower number in a blood pressure reading

A

Diastolic

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28
Q

The presence of a femoral pulse correlates to a minimum systolic pressure of ?

A

70

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29
Q

The presence of a carotid pulse correlates to a minimum systolic pressure of ?

A

60

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30
Q

What are alternative ways to open an airway?

A

Suction
Gravity
Position
Abdominal thrust

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31
Q

How long should I suction an airway?

A

Max 10-15 sec adult

Max 5-10 sec child

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32
Q

On which side is the recovery position?

A

Left

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33
Q

What are the 2 airway devices?

A

Nasopharyngeal airway (nose)

Oropharyngeal airway (mouth)

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34
Q

What are the three parts of an oxygen delivery system?

A

Cylinder
Regulator
Delivery device

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35
Q

What are the 3 oxygen delivery devices

A

Nasal cannula
Nonbreather mask
Bag valve mask

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36
Q

What is gastric distention

A

Air (too much pressure) flows to the stomach

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37
Q

What is a pulse oximeter?

A

Measures blood oxygen content as a percent

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38
Q

When do I do a finger sweep?

A

Patient unresponsive AND can see object

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39
Q

What do I do if giving abdominal thrusts and the person becomes unresponsive?

A

Start CPR

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40
Q

How do I give abdominal thrusts to an infant?

A

5 back blows, then five chest compressions

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41
Q

How do I insert a nasopharyngeal airway

A

Size
Lubricate
Insert
Check

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42
Q

What is the right size for a nasopharyngeal airway?

A

Nostril to earlobe

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43
Q

How do I insert a oropharyngeal airway?

A

Size
Insert
Check

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44
Q

What is the correct size for an oropharyngeal airway?

A

Mouth to angle of jaw

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45
Q

What are some barrier devices?

A

Face shield
Pocket mask

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46
Q

How do I open an oxygen cylinder?

A

2 turns counterclockwise

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47
Q

What is shock?

A

Inadequate perfusion (flow of blood to calls)

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48
Q

3 causes of shock?

A

Pump failure
Failure of blood vessels
Low fluid volume

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49
Q

2 stages of shock?

A

Compensated (homeostasis maintained)

Decomprnsated (rapid failure)

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50
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

Heart rate increase in response to shock (>100 beats per minute)

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51
Q

4 major types (causes) of shock?

A

Hypovolemic - fluid loss

Cardiogenic - pump failure

Distributive

Obstructive

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52
Q

3 subtypes of distributive shock?

A

Anaphylactic (allergy)

Septic (infection)

Neurogenic (nervous system damage)

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53
Q

What is tachypnea?

A

Increased respiratory rate due to shock (greater than 20 breaths per minute)

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54
Q

What is BSI?

A

Body substance isolation (gloves/mask)

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55
Q

Can I use an oropharyngeal airway on a conscious person?

A

No

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56
Q

Flow rate for a nasal cannula?

A

2-6 LPM

57
Q

Flow rate for a rebreather mask or bag valve mask?

A

10-15 LPM

58
Q

3 ways to treat for shock?

A

Oxygen
Blanket
Elevate legs

59
Q

Steps to set up oxygen bottle?

A

Inspect
Break seal
Screw on regulator
Open
Set flow rate

60
Q

Steps to break down oxygen bottle?

A

Turn off flow
Close bottle
Bleed pressure out
Unscrew regulator

61
Q

Who founded ski patrol and where?

A

Minnie Dole

Stowe VT

62
Q

How long do you push and hold an inhaler?

A

10 seconds

63
Q

How many positions to put a stethoscope?

A

4 front
4 back

64
Q

What 3 things must be true to use a patients inhaler?

A

Right date
Right medication
Right person

65
Q

Above what vertebrae if broken will the patient be unable to breathe

A

C5

66
Q

3 parts of chest examination process?

A

Look
Auscultate (listen)
Palpate

67
Q

3 parts of chest examination process?

A

Look
Auscultate (listen)
Palpate

68
Q

Primary muscle of respiration?

A

Diaphragm

69
Q

What is a flail chest

A

Fracture of 2 or more ribs in 2 or more places

70
Q

What is an aneurysm?

A

Ballooning of the outer layer of the aorta

71
Q

What is a pneumothorax?

A

Air in the chest cavity

72
Q

What is a hemothorax?

A

Blood on the chest cavity (pleural space)

73
Q

How do I treat a sucking chest wound?

A

Tape an occlusive dressing on three sides

74
Q

How do I transport a patient with a chest injury

A

Head uphill

75
Q

What is commotio cordis?

A

Cardiac death due to sudden blunt chest trauma

76
Q

What is dyspnea?

A

Shortness of breath

77
Q

What controls breathing?

A

The amount of carbon dioxide in the blood

78
Q

What is the most common cause of airway obstruction?

A

The tongue

79
Q

4 ways to remove airway obstructions?

A

Finger sweep
Suction
Gravity
Abdominal thrusts

80
Q

What is a pulmonary embolism?

A

Blood clot blocks the artery between the heart and lung

81
Q

What is it called when a patient is breathing less than 10 times per minute?

A

Bradypnea

82
Q

What is it called when a patient is breathing less than 10 times per minute?

A

Bradypnea

83
Q

What are the 5 mechanisms of injury?

A

Penetrating
Rotational
Impact
Crush
Blast

84
Q

What is CMS

A

Circulation
Motion
Sensitivity

85
Q

Proper dimensions of a tourniquet?

A

2 inches wide
2 inches proximal to wound
3 inches from a joint

86
Q

Difference between a dressing and a bandage?

A

Dressing goes directly on wound. Bandage holds dressing in place.

87
Q

How to handle a closed soft tissue injury?

A

Rest
Ice
Splint
Elevate

88
Q

What connects one bone to another bone?

A

Ligament

89
Q

What connects bone to muscle?

A

Tendon

90
Q

3 types of muscle?

A

Smooth
Cardiac
Skeletal

91
Q

What is a sprain?

A

Stretched or torn ligament

92
Q

What is a strain?

A

Stretched or torn muscle

93
Q

What is the collar bone?

A

Clavicle

94
Q

What is the back bone?

A

Scapula

95
Q

Three areas a femur can be fractured?

A

Proximal femur
Shaft
Distal femur

96
Q

What is the weight bearing lower leg bone called?

A

Tibia

97
Q

What is the non weight bearing lower leg bone?

A

Fibula

98
Q

What is the upper arm bone?

A

Humerus

99
Q

What are the two lower arm bones?

A

Radius
Ulna

100
Q

Four types of splints?

A

Soft
Rigid
Traction
Improvised

101
Q

How much weight when you apply traction?

A

15 lbs

102
Q

What do you have to remove when treating any upper extremity injury?

A

Rings and jewelry

103
Q

How much pull for tension?

A

7-8 lbs

104
Q

Most common broken bone?

A

Clavicle

105
Q

Max time to ice something?

A

15 minutes

106
Q

What is a supine position?

A

Laying on their back

107
Q

What is a prone position?

A

Laying on their stomach

108
Q

2 components of the central nervous system?

A

Brain
Spinal chord

109
Q

What are the 2 types of peripheral nerves?

A

Sensory neurons
Motor neurons

110
Q

When do I use a traction splint?

A

Mid shaft femur (fist above knee and fist below hip)

111
Q

Is the traction splint in the toboggan?

A

No, must call for it

112
Q

How to transport a leg injury?

A

Leg uphill

113
Q

How far past the foot should a traction splint extend?

A

6-8 inches

114
Q

How do I splint a distal femur fracture?

A

Quick splint

115
Q

How do I splint a proximal femur fracture?

A

Pelvic binder and back board

116
Q

What is an allergen?

A

An antigen that causes an allergic reaction

117
Q

4 ways an allergen can enter the body?

A

Inhaled
Ingested
Injected
Topical

118
Q

1 food allergy in the world?

A

Peanuts

119
Q

How to administer an auto-injector?

A

Push into the outer thigh halfway between hip and knee. Push until click. Hold 10 seconds

120
Q

What is abdominal evisceration?

A

A tear exposing intestines to the outside environment

121
Q

Should I log roll a patient with a pelvic fracture?

A

No

122
Q

How long do I hold my breath for an inhaler?

A

10 seconds

123
Q

How long do I hold an autoinjector?

A

10 seconds

124
Q

How do I administer nitroglycerin?

A

Min systolic blood pressure 100

Right person/date/medication

One spray under tongue

125
Q

Largest artery in the body?

A

Aorta

126
Q

Generalized abdominal pain is known as?

A

Visceral pain

127
Q

Earliest sign of a hypothermic patient?

A

Shivering

128
Q

Minimum temperature to be considered heat exhaustion?

A

101

129
Q

Guidelines developed at the local level are known as

A

Protocols

130
Q

Where is the gallbladder located?

A

Right upper abdominal quadrant

131
Q

Size of helicopter landing zone?

A

100’ x 100’

132
Q

What is the mnemonic for an altered mental state

A

AEIOU TIPS

133
Q

Mnemonic for a stroke victim

A

F face
A arms
S speech
T time to call 911
E eyes
D denial is a positive sign

134
Q

What is your concern for a seizure?

A

Protect from further injury

135
Q

Mnemonic for nerve agent poisoning

A

SLUDGEM DUMBELS

136
Q

Most commonly dislocated joint?

A

Shoulder

137
Q

After I’m complete, what do I do

A

CVS

CMS
VITALS
SHOCK

138
Q

The spleen is part of what system

A

Lymphatic

139
Q

How long should a secondary assessment take

A

2-5 minutes

OEC (1 decks)

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