Odysses book IX, X, & XI Flashcards
‘How did I get here” are what types of myths?
creation myths
5 types of essay
Creation Humanity Animal/Plant Cosmos/Natural Disaster Hero/Trickster
“Why do we have to die” are answered in _______ myths
humanity
“Who are we with” myths are answered in what type of myths?
Animal/plant
Cosmos/ natural disaster myths answer the question?
Why do ‘bad’ things happen
“Why do things change” are answered in ___________
hero/trickster myths
Who is a greek mythic hero?
Odysseus
Odyssey is organized into ___ books and about ______ verses
24
12,000
The poem “Odyssey” is about _______ trip to ______ after the ________. It says it lasted ____ years but historians believe it lasted ____
Odysseus' Ithaca Trojan War 10 LONG years 4 months
Author of Iliad and Odyssey
Homer
These to poems, Iliad and Odyssey, are among the least read works in literature
False
Vocabulary and language suggest the poems were written around
700s B.C
Traditional meter in which each line consists of 6 rhythmic measures.
Dactylic hexameter
A long, narrative poem about the adventures of a hero is called an ______
epic
In ancient times, pomes were ____ to audiences in live-performances
sang
Choosing certain well-worn phrases to express a thought is called a _______
formulaic disction
When Odysseus arrives at Troy, he arrives with ___ boats and ___ men
12 boats
600 men
Place where Odysseus’ men act like pirate and are raided, which ended up with 72 of men dying.
Ismarus
Land of he Lodus eaters, what happened?
Odysseus sent 3 men
His men are given lotus (shaped liked a fruit, flower) and it mkaes them forget their name
List characteristics about the Land of the Cyclops
Cyclops: lawless brutes ; lazy (don’t build houses/ don’t farm)
Primitive, uncivilized - no laws,isolated, don’t build ships and use goats
Odysseus’ final destination is?
Ithaca
In what book do we meet the Phaeaceans?
Book IX
Ancient Greek concept of hospitality
Xenia
Xenia host :
must provide food, shelter, and a gift
Couldn’t ask for the guest’s name
Xenia guest:
not to take advantage of their host’s hospitality
manners
gift to the host
When someone expresses excessive pride, they are said to be ______
hubristic
An adjective or descriptive phrase expressing a quality/characteristic of a person
Epithet
A call for help or inspiration by an authority or poet that usually occurs at or near the beginning of a literary work
invocation of the muse
A character who contrasts with another character in order to highlight particular qualities of the character
Foil
A recurring structure, contrast, or another device that develops or informs a work’s major theme
motif
Sly or cunning intelligence
guile
an established from of words in a literary work that follows oro reinforces a pattern
formulaic diction
Technique in which the author lets the audience or reader in on a character’s situation while the character remains unaware; the character’s words or actions carry a significance that the character isn’t aware of
dramatic irony
Having or showing skill in achieving one’s ends by deceit or evasion
cunning
clever at achieving one’s aims by indirect or deceitful methods
crafty
fatal flaw leading to the donwfall of a tragic hero or heroine
hamartia
“Sing to me of the man, Muse, the man of twists and turns
driven time and again off course, once he had plundered
the hallowed heights of Troy.” This is an example of
invocation of the muse
“Beaching our vessels smoothly, striking sail,the crews swung out on the low shelving sand and there we fell asleep, awaiting Dawn’s first light.” This is an example of
motif
Cyclopes’ name
Polyphemus
Greek word for glory/fame
kleos
Beginning of Odysseus’ journey
Troy (Illium)
Stop after Troy
Ismarus
Who lives in Ismarus?
Cicones
Event encountered between Ismarus and Land of the Lotus-Eaters which lasted 2 days and 2 nights.
Zeus’ hurricane
Sail for 9 days after Zeus’ hurricane, on 10th day they reach __________
Land of the Lotus-Eaters
4th stop (after Lotus-Eaters, before Aeolian island)
Land of the Cyclops
5th stop. After Cyclops. Place where Odysseus received special gift which enabled him and his men to see Ithaca
Aeolian Island
Second time at Aeolian island. He’s ejected and sails towards __________
Land of the Laestrygonians
Stop after Laestrygonian. Circe lives here
Aeaean Island
Final destination we read about
House of Death
Stop before Ithaca
King Alcinous’ Island
Final destination
Ithaca
What civilization lives in King Alcinous’ Island
Phaeaceans
In Aeolian Island, what gift does Odysseus recieve?
Bag of winds in which only the West wind is free
After seeing Ithaca, why don’t they reach it?
Odysseus falls into a hard sleep and his men open the bag which causes a hurricane. This hurricane sets them back to Aeolian island.
Why won’t King Aeolus help Odysseus on his second visit
- Odysseus is cursed
2. It’s a crime to help a cursed man
All of Odysseus’ ships , except his, are destroyed where?
Land of the Laestrygonians
Whose the second leader of Odysseus’ army heading into Aeaean Island?
Eurylochus
Eurylochus’ and his men search the island and come across Circe’s place. They’re all amused by her voice and go in except Eurylochus. Why?
He sensed it was a trap because their were wild animals outside the palace who were domesticated and didn’t attack.
What happened to Eurylochus’ crew?
They all got turned into swine.
What’s the first thing Odysseus does when he finds out from Eurylochus?
He grabs his sword and his bow and arrow and asks Eurylochus to lead him
Who does Odysseus encounter on his way to Circe’s place? And what does this person give him?
Hermes ; moly and advice
What was Herme’s advice to Odysseus?
Take the moly (become immune)
Eat her food
As she pulls out her wand, pull out sword and charge
She’ll beg to go to bed w/ her, make her bind an oath first
How long do Odysseus’ and his men stay at Aeaean island w/ Circe?
1 year
His crew decides it’s time to go. Circe gives him advice to go where to talk to who?
The House of Death to visit Tirisias
Circe’s advice
Sail with the N wind
beach the ship by the ocean
walk where to rivers meet
dig a trench and pour libations around it
promise spirits to sacrifice heifers and load a pyre w/ treasure once he arrives to Ithaca; sacrifice a black ram for Tibirias
Sacrifices ram and black ewe
guard the blood until he sees Tirisias
Who does Odysseus see in the House of Death
Elpenor - promises a proper burial
His mother - how she died and how his father is very ill
King Agamemnon - warns Odysseus not to trust Penelope
Tirisias’ prophecy:
- exercise self-control on Thrinaria; if they harm Helios’ cattle, they’ll die
- kill suitors
- travel inland
