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BDS4 Radiology > Odontogenic Cysts of the Jaw > Flashcards

Odontogenic Cysts of the Jaw Flashcards

1
Q

what is the definition of a cyst

A

pathological cavity filled with fluid, semi-fluid or gaseous contents

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2
Q

what structural classes are cysts split into

A

epithelium lined vs no epithelial lining

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3
Q

what are the two classes for origins of cysts

A

odontogenic vs non-odontogenic

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4
Q

what are the two different classifications of pathogenesis of cysts

A

developmental vs inflammatory

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5
Q

name the four main types of inflammatory odontogenic cysts

A

radicular
residual
paradental
buccal bifurcation

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6
Q

what are the four main types of developmental odontogenic cysts

A

dentigerous cyst
eruption cyst
odontogenic keratocyst
lateral periodontal cyst

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7
Q

what is the most common cause of bony swelling in the jaws

A

odontogenic cysts

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8
Q

where do odontogenic cysts always occur

A

above the level of the IAN canal

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9
Q

what is a radicular cyst

A

associated with a non-vital tooth
initiated from chronic inflammation in the non-vital

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10
Q

what is the presentation of radicular cysts

A

asymptomatic
may become infected = pain

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11
Q

how do you differentiate radicular cysts vs periapical granulomas

A

radicular cysts are more than 1cm

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12
Q

name two radiographic features of a radicular cyst

A

well defined, round radiolucency
corticated margin continuous with lamina dura
unilocular

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13
Q

what is a granuloma

A

mass of granulation tissue that attaches to apex of non-vital tooth

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14
Q

what does homogenous suggest when describing a lesion

A

same level of radiodensity/ radiopacity all the way through the lesion

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15
Q

name five reasons why the lower lip might be numb

A

compression of nerve by cysts
trigeminal neuralgia
tumour compressing the nerve
damage to nerve during IDB administration
infection

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16
Q

what does the infra-orbital nerve supply

A

sensation to skin of the cheek, upper lip, lateral aspect of the nose and upper teeth on same side

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17
Q

what is a residual cyst

A

when a radicular cyst persists after the tooth has been extracted/ or successfully root treated

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18
Q

what is a lateral radicular cyst

A

associated with accessory canals
located at the side of the tooth instead of the apex

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19
Q

what is a paradental cyst

A

occurs distal aspect of a partially erupted mandibular third nolar

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20
Q

what are the two types of inflammatory collateral cysts

A

paradental cysts
mandibular buccal bifurcation cysts

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21
Q

what are mandibular buccal bifurcation cysts associated with

A

buccal aspect of erupting first molar

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22
Q

what is a dentigerous cyst

A

developmental odontogenic cyst
embraces the crown of erupting tooth attaching at ECJ

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23
Q

where is the lining of dentigerous cysts derived from

A

reduced enamel epithelium from the enamel organ

24
Q

what are dentigerous cysts most commonly associated with

A

impacted third mandibular molars

25
Q

what is the treatment for dentigerous cyts

A

enucleation or marsupialisation depending on size

26
Q

what is an eruption cyst

A

developmental odontogenic cyst
overlies erupting tooth

27
Q

how are eruption cysts managed

A

conservatively but sometimes require surgical excision

28
Q

how do dentigerous cysts present radiographically

A

round/ ovoid
well defined unilocular
attached to crown of unerupted tooth

29
Q

what is an odontogenic keratocyst

A

cyst arising from cell rests of Serres (remnants of dental lamina)
high risk of recurrence

30
Q

how can you tell the difference between an enlarged follicle vs dentigerous cyst

A

enlarged follicle - less than 5mm

31
Q

what are eruption cysts most commonly associated with

A

incisors

32
Q

how does an odontogenic keratocyst present radiographically

A

significant mesio-distal expansion
scalloped margins
multilocular

33
Q

what syndrome is Odontogenic Keratocysts associated with

A

Gorlin Goltz (basal cell naevus syndrome)

34
Q

what is Gorlin Goltz

A

multiple basal cell carcinomas on skin

35
Q

what is an orthokeratinised odontogenic cyst

A

uncommon developmental cyst
clinically similar to OKC - but histologically different
no association with Gorlin Goltz

36
Q

what is a lateral periodontal cyst

A

associated with lateral surface of tooth root
vital tooth and asymptomatic

37
Q

how is lateral periodontal cyst treated

A

enucleation

38
Q

what are gingival cysts

A

derived from rests of serres in gingival or alveolar tissues

39
Q

what are the two types of gingival cysts

A

those of adults - blueish sessile swellings
those of infants - bohn’s nodules

40
Q

what is the glandular odontogenic cyst

A

rare
developmental odontogenic cyst in anterior mandible
can be multilocular
high recurrence rate

41
Q

what is a calcifying odontogenic cyst

A

radiopaque uni or multilocular presentation
adjacent teeth can be resorbed/ displaced

42
Q

what is a non-odontogenic epithelial cysts

A

nasopalatine duct cyst

43
Q

what is a nasopalatine duct cyst

A

non-odontogenic, epithelial cyst
slowly enlarging swelling anteriorly in the region of midline of palae

44
Q

what is a non-epithelial jaw cyst

A

occurs mostly in long bones but sometimes found in the jaws

45
Q

what are the non-epithelial cysts

A

solitary bone cyst
aneurysmal bone cyst
stafne’s bone cyst

46
Q

what is a solitary bone cyst

A

occurs in premolar/ molar region of mandible
no symptoms - incidental finding
no lining in the cavity

47
Q

what is the radiographic presentation of solitary bone cyst

A

radiolucency with well defined margins
scalloping prominent feature

48
Q

what is Stafne’s idiopathic bone cavity

A

developmental anomaly of mandible
asymptomatic - chance finding
usually located below inferior dental canal

49
Q

how does stafne’s bone cyst appear radiographically

A

round/ oval
usually under IAN canal at angle of the mandible

50
Q

what is cyst enucleation

A

removal of entire cyst lining and contents
depends on size and shape

51
Q

name three complications of enucleation

A

damage to IAN
communication with maxillary sinus (OAC)
risk of recurrence

52
Q

what is marsupialisation

A

opening of cyst space
insert something to keep it open

53
Q

what are three complications of marsupialisation

A

need for further surgery
long treatment times
chance of reinfection

54
Q

what is segmental resection

A

removal of cyst with a margin of normal bone

55
Q

when is segmental resection usually used

A

ameloblastoma
sarcoma

BDS4 Radiology (3 decks)

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