Odontogenic cysts Flashcards
What is a cyst?
A cyst is a pathological cavity with fluid, semi-fluid or gaseous contents and is not created by an accumulation of pus.
What are the different types of jaw cysts?
- EPITHELIAL CYSTS:
Odontogenic cysts - inflammatory - developmental
Non odontogenic cysts (nasopalatine duct cyst, nasolabial cyst)
- NON-EPITHELIALISED PRIMARY BONE CYSTS
- Solitary bone cyst (simple, haemorrhagic)
- Aneurysmal bone cyst - INFLAMMATORY ODONTOGENIC CYSTS - Radicular - Paradental
- DEVELOPMENTAL ODONTOGENIC CYSTS:
Dentigerous (follicular cyst)
Eruption cyst
Gingival cysts - infants
Gingival cysts– adults
Keratocyst
Others- Lateral periodontal cysts, Sialo-odontogenic cysts
What is the relative frequency of odontogenic cysts?
Radicular = 60-70% Dentigerous = 10-15% Keratocyst = 5-10& Nasopalatine = 5-10% Lateral periodontal = <1%
What’s a radicular cyst?
Commonest odontogenic cyst (60-70%) Arises from the epithelial cell rests of Malassez in the periodontal ligament, usually after death of the pulp
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What are the clinical features of a radicular cyst?
60 - 75% of jaw cysts Peak in 4th and 5th decades Rare in deciduous teeth Common in maxillary incisors due to: - palatal invaginations - small teeth - trauma Symptomless or expansion ‘egg-shell crackling’ Fluctuation Infection leads to pain Non-vital tooth Tooth mobility or displacement
What are the radiographical features of a radicular cyst?
Rounded clearly defined radiolucency Apex of tooth Condensed radiopaque periphery - may be continuous with lamina dura Lateral locations Residual cysts
What is a dentigerous cyst?
Cyst enclosing the crown of an unerupted tooth
Attached to cemento - enamel junction
Follicular cyst
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/125/082/583/a_image_thumb.png?1659443621)
What are the clinical features of a dentigerous cyst?
10-15% of jaw cysts
Children and young adults
Permanent teeth
M:F 1.6:1
Painless enlargement - missing tooth
Pain and swelling if infected
Tilting of teeth
Root resorption
What are the radiological feautres of a dentigerous cyst?
Crown of unerupted tooth
Permanent teeth
Round, unilocular
Well defined, corticated
Uniformly radiolucent
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/125/082/777/a_image_thumb.png?1659443622)
What’s the pathology of a dentigerous cyst?
Clear yellow fluid - cholesterol
Purulent if infected
Lined by flattened, attenuated non-keratinised stratified squamous epithelium
Continuous with reduced enamel epithelium
Mucous and ciliated columnar metaplasia
Fibrous wall + variable inflammation
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/125/082/914/a_image_thumb.png?1659443622)
What’s the pathogenesis of a dentigerous cyst?
What’s an eruption cyst?
Extra-alveolar follicular cyst
Deciduous tooth or permanent molar
Fluctuant bluish swelling
Haemorrhage into cyst is common
Most spontaneously resolve
Marsupialise
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/125/083/111/a_image_thumb.png?1659443623)
What’s a gingival cyst?
Bohn’s nodules, Epstein’s pearls
Common in newborn and up to 3 months
Usually rupture or spontaneously involute
2 - 3 mm keratinising stratified squamous epithelium
Arise from Serres rests
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/125/084/225/a_image_thumb.png?1659443624)
Histology of a ginigval cyst:
![](https://s3.amazonaws.com/brainscape-prod/system/cm/125/084/245/a_image_thumb.png?1659443624)
What’s a ginigval cyst in an adult like?
Slow-growing, usually less than 1cm in diameter
Free or attached gingiva or interdental papilla
Tooth vital
Pathogenesis:
? odontogenic rests ? implantation
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