Odisha Case Study Flashcards
Where is Odisha?
Indian state in East India.
How long is the coastline?
480km
What are the three organisms at risk?
- Irrawady River Dolphin
- Olive Ridley Turtle
- Mangroves
Give some reasons why Odisha is at risk of coastal erosion
- Strong littoral drift.
- Low lying
- Minimal coastal management (10km/480km is managed).
- Mostly poor communities.
- Vulnerable to tropical cyclones.
- High tidal range.
What are the main uses of the coastline?
Tourism
Aquaculture
Trade
When did the ICZM start in Odisha?
September 2010.
How much coastline is expected to be protected by the ICZM?
196km (around 41%)
Which two areas are being focused for the ICZM?
Gopalpur to Chilika
Dhamara to Paradeep
How much funding has been put forward for the Odisha ICZM?
Around $50 million
What has been done to reduce codependency on aquaculture and how many have been affected?
Encouragement to try other agriculture, such as dairy and poultry.
7428 families affected.
What have the women in the reformed aquaculture areas benefited from?
Coil craft - raised 59220 rupees from 600 women across 16 villages.
Where is the focus of ecotourism in Odisha?
Chilika Lake
What has the % increase in tourism been since tourism was promoted in Chilika?
31%
How many cyclone shelters have been built? Example of a city.
14 - can shelter 14,000 people. Ganjam has one.
What other functions do the cyclone shelter have?
Classrooms, vaccination centres, social spaces, delivery areas.
What has been installed to protect beach erosion?
Geotextile tube embankments
How many people have benefited from the geotextile embankmentsw?
41,222 from 56 villages. 6883 hectares of crop fields have been protected.
What is the dual purpose of mangroves?
They enrich biodiversity and act as a natural defence.
What is aiding monitoring and protection of Olive Ridley Turtles and Estuarine Crocodiles?
Sixteen boats.
Camps and watch sites.
What is being done to monitor water pollution at Chilika Lake?
Data buoys at 10 locations deployed to gather real time data.
How many buildings have been conserved by Odia language and cultural department in Odisha?
7
What is the impact of protecting cultural sites?
25% increase in tourism.
What are some opportunities at the Odisha Coastline?
- Flat land for settlement
- Wide variety of species
- Mineral and heavy metal deposits
- Power (from offshore gas/oil)
- Employment (aquaculture)
What are some risks for settlement on the coastline?
- Erosion rates have increased in several areas.
- Coastline itself changes seasonally because of high accretion in the summer, and erosion in the winter.
What are the % of stable, accreting and eroding Odisha coastline?
- 46.8% accreting
- 36.8% eroding
- 14.4% stable
Between 1990 and 2016, what % of Odisha’s coastline has been lost to sea water ingression according to the Indian government?
28%
Where has most of the accretion occurred?
North of the state, most erosion in the south because of prevailing wind.
What ha happened in Mahanadi Delta?
The mangrove width protecting it has decreased by 75% because of fishery developments.
Why are mangroves important to protect against cyclones in Odisha?
Areas with mangroves 4km or thicker saw no deaths during a cyclone.
What is being done to protect the Mahanadi Delta?
- Villagers encouraged to grow and look after mangroves.
- New mangroves are being planted in new areas that previously had them.
