OCULAR MICROBIOLOGY

Question 1

What is virus?

Answer 1

Infectious agent that can only replicate in other living sells.

Question 2

Types of viruses.

Answer 2

DNA viruses
RNA viruses
DNA and RNA viruses

Question 3

Infecting mechanism- stages of viral replication.

Answer 3

1. Attachment
2. Penetration.
3. Uncoating.
4. Transcription
5. Translation.
6. Replication.
7. Assembly.
8. Release.

Question 4

How viruses can induce ocular tissue injury.

Answer 4

direct damage= cytolysis
inciting immune or inflammatory disease
imunosuppresion
inducing tumour formation

Question 5

Diagnostic methods in virology

Answer 5

Virus isolation
Serology.
PCR.

Question 6

Virus Isolation

Answer 6

replication of the virus on specific cell lines and observing characteristic cytopathic effect.
Very specific and sensitive method, but very laborious and not accessible in most laboratories.

Question 7

Methods in viral serology.

Answer 7

Serology checks the number of antibodies against specific antigen.
The result can be quantitative (titer number) or qualitative (negative and positive).

Immunofluorescence IF
ELISA
immunochromatography

Question 8

Limitations of serological diagnostic methods.

Answer 8

vaccinations vs exposure vs real infection
maternally derived antibodies
IF- experience of a technician/ thickness of tissue