Ocular Enzymes Flashcards
midterm 1
ocular enzyme properties
- generates IOP
- maintenance of a clear cornea
- destruction of bacteria in precorneal tear film
- important in visual transduction process
- many other functions that support vision
Lysozyme
an enzyme located in the precorneal tear film, that breaks down the peptidoglycan layer of gram positive bacteria, causing the cell to lyse
lysozyme indicator
is an indicator of tear dysfunction, and can be indicative of dry eye
Lactoferrin
iron-binding glycoprotein, has a variety of antimicrobial activity
Na,K ATPase pump function for the eye
regulates corneal hydration, and a part of aqueous humor production
Na,K ATPase pump properties
coupled to ATP, pumps 3Na+ out, and 2K+ in, 2 beta and 2 alpha subunits, alpha is structural, alpha is channel and beta is structural
Ouabain
inhibitor of Na,K ATPase pump
Corneal Deturgescence
stroma receives water from GAGs, leading to excess water in the stroma, and then Na,K ATPase pumps out Na+ and water follows
edematous cornea
a Na,K ATPase dysfunction
Fuch’s endothelial dystrophy
decreased endothelial function, due to decreased number of Na,K ATPase pump sites, leads to corneal edema
Aqueous formation
aqueous humor is formed by the ciliary body and reaches the posterior chamber
Na,K ATPase: aqueous formation
in nonpigmented epithelial cells of the CB, a surplus of Na+ ions are pumped into the posterior chamber, causing water to flow with it
carbonic anhydrase: aqueous formation
bicarbonate aids in active ion transport to the posterior chamber
CAI drops
inhibits carbonic anhydrase, leading to less aqueous humor production and lower IOP
MMPs functions
growth and development, tissue maintenance, tissue reformation/deterioration
