Ocular Anatomy - Lab 1 Summary of Structures Flashcards
Corneoscleral layer
outer layer of the eyeball; made of the cornea and the sclera and the limbus
cornea
a clear transparent disc on the anterior portion of the eye
sclera
collagen coat that covers the posterior 5/6 of the eyeball; has an opaque, white appearance
lamina cribrosa
sieve-like area of the sclera at the optic nerve; area of the sclera through which ganglion cell axons pass through to exit the eye
limbus
AKA corneoscleral junction; the junction of the cornea and the sclera
Uveal tract
Middle layer of the eyeball; internal to the corneoscleral layer; made of iris, ciliary body and choroid; contains blood vessels and is highly pigmented
iris
sheet like diaphragm located anterior to the lens; has a central hole called the pupil; regulates the amount of light coming into the eye
ciliary body
posterior to the iris and anterior to the choroid; complete ring that is just deep to the sclera; terminates approximately where the EOMs insert into the sclera; two parts
pars plicata
the anterior folded region of the ciliary body; folds are called ciliary processes; adjacent to the lens
pars plana
posterior flat region of the ciliary body; abuts the choroid and ora serrata of the retina posteriorly
choroid
posterior to the ciliary body; extends to the optic nerve; highly vascular and highly pigmented; adjacent to the retina; contains blood vessels that supply the outer layers of the retina
retina
innermost layer of the eyeball; extends from the ciliary body to the optic nerve; composed of 10 layers
retinal pigmented epithelium
the outer pigemented layer; adjacent to the choroid
nine sensory layers
inner layers; closer to the vitreous; the 9 sensory layers separate from the RPE during a retinal detachment
ora serrata
the anterior termination of the retina
bulbar conjunctiva
transparent layer that covers the anterior part of the sclera; begins at the limbus; reflected onto the eyelid at the fornix and becomes palpebral conjunctiva
optic nerve
the axons of retinal ganglion cells (the innermost layer of the retina) that exit the eyeball
lens
focuses light on the retina; surrounded by a capsule that encloses lens fibers
which lens surface is flatter and steeper
the front surface is flatter (less convex) and the back surface is steeper (more convex)
capsule
connective tissue that surrounds the lens fibers
cortex
the central harder portion of the lens
nucleus
more peripheral softer portion of the lens
zonules
connective tissue strands that extend from the ciliary body to the lens
vitreous body
transparent gel with the consistency of egg whites encolsed in a membrane; fills the space between the lens and the retina; helps maintain the shape of the eye, the retina position and acts as a shock absorber
anterior chamber boundaries
a space lying behind the cornea, anterior to the iris and anterior to the anterior surface of the lens
posterior chamber boundaries
posterior to the iris, medial to the ciliary body, lateral to the equitorial region of the lens, anterior to the hyaloid membrane of the vitreous; zonules pass through it to attach to the lens capsule
pupil
a hole in the iris that regulates the amount of light entering the eye; size is controlled by the sphincter pupillae and dilator muscles
hyaloid membrane
membrane that encloses the vitreous