Ocular Anatomy - Lab 1 Summary of Structures

Question 1

Corneoscleral layer

Answer 1

outer layer of the eyeball; made of the cornea and the sclera and the limbus

Question 2

cornea

Answer 2

a clear transparent disc on the anterior portion of the eye

Question 3

sclera

Answer 3

collagen coat that covers the posterior 5/6 of the eyeball; has an opaque, white appearance

Question 4

lamina cribrosa

Answer 4

sieve-like area of the sclera at the optic nerve; area of the sclera through which ganglion cell axons pass through to exit the eye

Question 5

limbus

Answer 5

AKA corneoscleral junction; the junction of the cornea and the sclera

Question 6

Uveal tract

Answer 6

Middle layer of the eyeball; internal to the corneoscleral layer; made of iris, ciliary body and choroid; contains blood vessels and is highly pigmented

Question 7

iris

Answer 7

sheet like diaphragm located anterior to the lens; has a central hole called the pupil; regulates the amount of light coming into the eye

Question 8

ciliary body

Answer 8

posterior to the iris and anterior to the choroid; complete ring that is just deep to the sclera; terminates approximately where the EOMs insert into the sclera; two parts

Question 9

pars plicata

Answer 9

the anterior folded region of the ciliary body; folds are called ciliary processes; adjacent to the lens

Question 10

pars plana

Answer 10

posterior flat region of the ciliary body; abuts the choroid and ora serrata of the retina posteriorly

Question 11

choroid

Answer 11

posterior to the ciliary body; extends to the optic nerve; highly vascular and highly pigmented; adjacent to the retina; contains blood vessels that supply the outer layers of the retina

Question 12

retina

Answer 12

innermost layer of the eyeball; extends from the ciliary body to the optic nerve; composed of 10 layers

Question 13

retinal pigmented epithelium

Answer 13

the outer pigemented layer; adjacent to the choroid

Question 14

nine sensory layers

Answer 14

inner layers; closer to the vitreous; the 9 sensory layers separate from the RPE during a retinal detachment

Question 15

ora serrata

Answer 15

the anterior termination of the retina

Question 16

bulbar conjunctiva

Answer 16

transparent layer that covers the anterior part of the sclera; begins at the limbus; reflected onto the eyelid at the fornix and becomes palpebral conjunctiva

Question 17

optic nerve

Answer 17

the axons of retinal ganglion cells (the innermost layer of the retina) that exit the eyeball

Question 18

lens

Answer 18

focuses light on the retina; surrounded by a capsule that encloses lens fibers

Question 19

which lens surface is flatter and steeper

Answer 19

the front surface is flatter (less convex) and the back surface is steeper (more convex)

Question 20

capsule

Answer 20

connective tissue that surrounds the lens fibers

Question 21

cortex

Answer 21

the central harder portion of the lens

Question 22

nucleus

Answer 22

more peripheral softer portion of the lens

Question 23

zonules

Answer 23

connective tissue strands that extend from the ciliary body to the lens

Question 24

vitreous body

Answer 24

transparent gel with the consistency of egg whites encolsed in a membrane; fills the space between the lens and the retina; helps maintain the shape of the eye, the retina position and acts as a shock absorber

Question 25

anterior chamber boundaries

Answer 25

a space lying behind the cornea, anterior to the iris and anterior to the anterior surface of the lens

Question 26

posterior chamber boundaries

Answer 26

posterior to the iris, medial to the ciliary body, lateral to the equitorial region of the lens, anterior to the hyaloid membrane of the vitreous; zonules pass through it to attach to the lens capsule

Question 27

pupil

Answer 27

a hole in the iris that regulates the amount of light entering the eye; size is controlled by the sphincter pupillae and dilator muscles

Question 28

hyaloid membrane

Answer 28

membrane that encloses the vitreous