Oct. 11 Test: Vocab and Key Figures

Question 1

Cabot

Answer 1

Venetian, Fish trade in Newfoundland

Question 2

De Balboa

Answer 2

Spanish, Sailed Panama, 1st to see the Pacific

Question 3

Magellan

Answer 3

Portuguese but sailed for Spain, crew circumvented globe

Question 4

Cortes

Answer 4

Spanish, conquered Aztec Empire

Question 5

Pizarro

Answer 5

Spanish, conquered Incan Empire

Question 6

Creoles

Answer 6

People born in Spanish Colonies of European Descent

Question 7

Haciendas

Answer 7

Large-scale farms

Question 8

Peninsulares

Answer 8

People of European birth in Spanish Colonies

Question 9

Mestizos

Answer 9

People of mixed descent in Spanish colonies; made a large part of urban population in America

Question 10

Virgin of Guadalupe

Answer 10

Symbol of mixing of Native and Spanish cultures and Mexico, resembled a dark skinned native, version of Virgin Mary

Question 11

de Las Casas

Answer 11

Dominican priest; activist for the freedom of Native slaves (freed his own slaves), BUT NOT A CRITIC OF SPAIN’S COLINIZATION, published “A Brief Account of the Destruction of the Indies” describing the homocides of Spanish “Christians”, decides solution to end Native labor is to import slaves from Africa instead. His activism led Spain to pass the New Laws which freed Indigineous slaves. Spain also abolished the Encomienda system, which gave Spaniards the right to enslave Native people, and replaced it with the Repartimiento system, where Natives were required to complete a smaller amount of labor per year and were legally considered free. Las Casas’s writing also contributed to the Black Legend. Las Casas denied two of the three G’s; claimed that Gold and Glory are not in alignment with Christianity.

Question 12

Black Legend

Answer 12

Image of Spain as a uniquely brutal and exploitative colonizer that other colonizing countries used to excuse and justify their own behavior

Question 13

Treaty of Tordesillas

Answer 13

Issued by the Pope, treaty line for where the Spanish and Portugeuse could colonize. Spain largely got North and South America while Portugeuse got Brazil and the Slave Trade

Question 14

presidios

Answer 14

military forts built alongside missions to protect Spanish settlers

Question 15

Mission System

Answer 15

Spread Catholocism and protected Spanish settlers and borders

Question 16

Patroons

Answer 16

Dutch Shareholder who agreed to transport tenenats for agricultural labor

Question 17

metis

Answer 17

ppl of french and native descent