OCR_Computing_GCSE_Networks Flashcards
A small business has three stand-alone computers, a printer and an internet connection in an office.
Describe, using a diagram, how the computers can be connected to each other using a bus topology, stating what hardware will be needed.
Bus line shown. Terminators shown at each end of the bus. Three computers attached to bus. Printer attached to bus. Internet connection connected to a router. Network adapters required on each computer. Router needed to share the internet connection. Cables needed to connect the different devices.
Diagram something similar to
Is the internet is the same as the World Wide Web?
FALSE -
The Internet is named for “interconnection of computer networks”. It is a massive hardware combination of millions of personal, business, and governmental computers, all connected like roads and highways.
The World Wide Web, or “Web” for short, is a massive collection of digital pages: that large software subset of the Internet dedicated to broadcasting content in the form of HTML pages. The Web is viewed by using free software called web browsers.
The Internet is a LAN.
FALSE
A local area network** (LAN)is a computer network thatinterconnectscomputerswithin a limited area** such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office
The Internet is named for “interconnection of computer networks”. It is a massive hardware combination of millions of personal, business, and governmental computers, all connected like roads and highways across the globe.
The Internet is a network between many networks.
TRUE
The Internet is named for “interconnection of computer networks”. It is a massive hardware combination of millions of personal, business, and governmental computers, all connected like roads and highways.
Who owns the internet?
No single person owns the Internet. No single government has authority over its operations. Some technical rules and hardware/software standards enforce how people plug into the Internet, but for the most part, the Internet is a free and open broadcast medium of hardware networking.
A user types the address www.ocr.org.uk into a web browser. Describe how a DNS server is used to access this website and explain the advantages of using DNS servers.
Describe - DNS severs have a database of IP addresses. Constantly updated by other DNS servers. When you request an address (URL), the DNS server looks up the URL and returns the IP address, or searches for the address from other DNS servers.
Advantages - People do not need to remember IP addresses. DNS server maps the for ya! Easily upgradeable (eg IPv4 to IPv6) without all web addresses needing to be the same. As long as you are connected to a DNS server you can have access to all the addresses.
A rock band uses an internet website to advertise its music.
The website uses HTML.
Describe HTML.
HyperText Mark-up Language. Text file containing the text to be displayed. Uses tags which indicate how to display the text and location of pictures/other elements to include and hyperlinks to other locations/URLs.
A rock band uses an internet website to advertise its music.
Explain the importance of HTML in the creation of web pages.
Web browser used to interpret the file and display the data correctly. HTML is an open/accepted standard so data will be display correctly on all browsers which conform to the standard.
A rock band uses an internet website to advertise its music.A list of file extensions for common file standards used on the internet is shown below.
JPG PDF MP3 MPEG ZIP
Explain the importance of compressing files when transmitting them via the internet.
It reduces the size of the file which needs to be transmitted. Shortens download time and reduces internet traffic.
Describe the difference between lossy and lossless compression and give an example where each would be used.
In lossy compression, when the data is uncompressed it is not exactly the same as the original but the difference is so small that it cannot normally be noticed e.g. music files (mp3) and images (jpg).
In lossless compression, when the data is uncompressed it is restored completely to the original file e.g. compressed text files or programs.e.g. music files (wma) and images (TIFF).
Many more examples…..can you name three others?
A large company with 200 employees uses a local area network (LAN) which includes all the computers in its head office.Describe the security measures and network policies which can be used to safeguard the security and privacy of the company’s data on the network.
The quality of written communication will be assessed in your answer to this question. Time to write AROUND the subject…..throw in as many keywords as you can !
Points may include:
Physical security measures – computers/servers in locked rooms, lockdown cables for laptops.
Firewalls – allow only authorised access to the network.
User groups/access levels – different users are given different rights to data according to their responsibility/need to protect privacy.
Passwords enforced – should be strong and changed regularly. Ensures privacy and protects files being accessed by malicious hackers.
Encryption of data on the network.
WiFi access security.
Get employees to sign an Acceptable Use Policy as part of their contract to ensure they do not put data at risk of corruption and to abide by data protection legislation.
A classroom in a primary school has 6 standalone computers. The school decides to connect them to form a LAN.
What is a LAN?
Local Area Network / A network (interconnection) which covers a small area like a building
A classroom in a primary school has 6 standalone computers. The school decides to connect them to form a LAN.
State advantages of connecting the computers into a LAN.
Can share files. Can share resources (e.g. printer/scanner/internet connection). Computers can be managed/controlled centrally. Users/computers can communicate with each other.
A classroom in a primary school has 6 standalone computers. The school decides to connect them to form a LAN.
The school decides to use the star topology to create the LAN.
Describe what is meant by a star topology. You may (MUST) use a diagram.
A hub/server at the centre of the network. All computers attached to the hub/server. Resources (e.g. printer) can also be connected to the hub/server.
