OCR Year 10 Medieval Health Flashcards
What is the name of the men who would take rubbish away from streets and dump it in the rivers?
Rakers
What is the name of the people who scoop out waste from a latrine?
Gongfermer
Towns had lots of street vendors and ………..
taverns
What was a common problem caused by strong brewed ale?
drunkness
Who brought livestock into towns to be slaughtered?
drovers
What were people called who traded goods?
rich merchants
what animals lived in the thatched rooves of townhouses?
insects, rats and mice
where did most people get water from
water conduits
where was most people toilets?
outside in the yard
what did a good harvest mean in the countryside
plenty of food
what were medieval houses made out of in the countryside
wattle and daub
when was the great famine
1315-1322
what is pottage
a soup or stew made out of wheat, barley rye and oats
what c affected health in towns caused by butchers?
carcasses(animal)
what factors are important for a society to have good health?
wealth, beliefs and attitudes, science and technology, government, urbanisation, individuals who made discoveries
when was the medieval period?
1250-1500
what did bad harvest lead to?
starvation and famine
what did most houses have for human excrement?
cesspit
where did people in the countryside get their water from?
streams and wells
where would farm animals be sheltered overnight?
inside the home
how did cesspits affect health?
they weren’t always emptied- contaminated water supplies
how did housing in countrysides cause bad health?
bad ventilation and animals inside spreading disease
how did housing in towns cause bad health?
filth on streets, houses packed together, rats and mice living in rooves
how did latrines affect health and cause disease?
some weren’t lined so excrement leaked into cellars of surrounding houses
what is a midden?
used to store floor sweepings and animal dung
what is erogtism?
poisoning produced by eating food affected by fungus
how was living in a town good for peoples diets?
lots of varied foods brought into towns and sold on markets
what was a major problem with people drinking water from streams?
people drank the same water they bathed in, animals bathed in and where feces where disposed into
what types of houses would merchants own?
larger more spacious houses
where did rich and poor people live?
poor people lived in town centres where the houses were closely packed together but rich people had larger less crammed houses on the outskirts of towns
What we’re the 3 types of the black death?
Bubonic, Pnuemonic, Septicimic
When did the black death hit England?
1348
What did people think disease was caused by in medieval times?
Miasma- bad air
4 humours- blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm
How was the black death caused?
Rats travelling throughout cites infecting 100s of people each day.
How did the black death spread to quickly?
living conditions
beliefs and attitudes
no science or technology
How did people treat the black death?
people would rob camomile lotion over buboes to stop them from itching, tie live roads and chickens over buboes and cut incisions in there arms to let blood out hoping it would balance the 4 humours.
What we’re the religious attitudes towards the black death?
people believed it was God punishing them so allowed it to spread, people also prayed for forgiveness and asking God not to infect them.
How did the church react to the black death?
people were urged to confess their sins, held special church services, bishops ordered large processions
What were the people called who would whip themselves because they believed God would take away the plague if they did that?
flagellants
What did people believe caused the black death?
- supernatural movement of plates
- miasma
how did people avoid getting the plague?
burning rosemary, not take hot baths or excerise, not look infected people in the eye and carry around posies of flowers
how many people died due to the black death?
3.5 million people died in 2 years
how quick did the black death travel?
500 miles in 500 days
how did the church keep up with all the deaths?
buried people in mass graves(multiple people in one grave)
what was the impact of the black death in towns?
people forced children and houselodgers onto to the streets, bodies of people threw on streets
when did the black death die down?
during 1350
what did people do after the black death?
councils and mayors kept towns clean
what does public health mean?
the health of the population as a whole
what did people do to try and get away from the plague?
people would move into the countryside hoping to keep away from the black death but in reality they just spreaded it quicker
What is miasma?
bad air
