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A level History OCR > OCR Unit Y219: Russia 1894–1941 > Flashcards

OCR Unit Y219: Russia 1894–1941 Flashcards

1
Q

Who was the last Tsar of Russia?

A

Nicholas II

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2
Q

What year did the Russian Revolution occur?

A

1917

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3
Q

True or False: The Bolsheviks were a faction of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party.

A

True

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4
Q

What was the primary ideology of the Bolsheviks?

A

Marxism

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5
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ was a political and economic system established by the Bolsheviks after the October Revolution.

A

Soviet Union

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6
Q

What event marked the beginning of the Russian Civil War?

A

The Bolshevik Revolution

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7
Q

Who led the Red Army during the Russian Civil War?

A

Leon Trotsky

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8
Q

What year did the Civil War in Russia end?

A

1922

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9
Q

True or False: The White Army was composed of Bolshevik supporters.

A

False

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10
Q

What was the purpose of War Communism?

A

To ensure the Red Army was supplied during the Civil War

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11
Q

What economic policy replaced War Communism in 1921?

A

New Economic Policy (NEP)

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12
Q

Fill in the blank: The NEP allowed for a degree of _____ in the economy.

A

capitalism

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13
Q

Who emerged as the leader of the Soviet Union after Lenin’s death?

A

Joseph Stalin

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14
Q

What was the Great Purge?

A

A campaign of political repression in the Soviet Union from 1936 to 1938

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15
Q

True or False: The Five-Year Plans were aimed at industrializing the Soviet economy.

A

True

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16
Q

What was the primary goal of the first Five-Year Plan?

A

Rapid industrialization

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17
Q

Fill in the blank: The collectivization of agriculture aimed to consolidate individual landholdings into large, state-controlled _____ farms.

A

collective

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18
Q

What was the impact of collectivization on the Soviet peasantry?

A

Widespread famine and suffering

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19
Q

Who was the leader of the White Army?

A

Various leaders, including Admiral Kolchak and General Denikin

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20
Q

What treaty ended Russia’s involvement in World War I?

A

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

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21
Q

True or False: The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was signed in 1918.

A

True

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22
Q

What year did Stalin implement the first Five-Year Plan?

A

1928

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23
Q

What was the Kulak class?

A

Wealthy peasants who opposed collectivization

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24
Q

Fill in the blank: The _____ was a secret police organization in the Soviet Union.

A

NKVD

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25
What was the impact of Stalin's policies on Soviet agriculture?
Decline in agricultural production and famine
26
Who was Leon Trotsky?
A key leader of the Bolsheviks and a rival to Stalin
27
True or False: The Moscow Trials were a series of show trials during the Great Purge.
True
28
What was the main purpose of the Comintern?
To promote worldwide communism
29
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a major famine that occurred in the Soviet Union in the early 1930s.
Holodomor
30
What was Stalin's approach to dissent?
Repression and purges
31
What was the significance of the 1936 Constitution in the Soviet Union?
It proclaimed the USSR as a socialist state with democratic rights, but was largely symbolic.
32
Who were the primary targets of the Great Purge?
Political opponents, military leaders, and intellectuals
33
What was the main economic focus of the second Five-Year Plan?
Heavy industry
34
True or False: Stalin was able to eliminate all of his political rivals.
False
35
What was the significance of the 1939 Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact?
It was a non-aggression treaty between the Soviet Union and Nazi Germany.
36
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a series of political and economic changes initiated by Lenin.
October Revolution
37
What was the purpose of the Gulag system?
To imprison political dissidents and criminals
38
What did the term 'dekulakization' refer to?
The campaign against the kulaks during collectivization.
39
Who was executed during the Great Purge?
Many former Bolshevik leaders and military commanders.
40
What was the role of propaganda in Stalin's regime?
To promote the state's achievements and suppress dissent.
41
True or False: The Soviet Union had a planned economy.
True
42
What was the significance of the 1937 Great Terror?
It intensified political repression and led to mass arrests.
43
Fill in the blank: The _____ were a series of trials that targeted Communist Party leaders during the Great Purge.
Moscow Trials
44
What was the impact of the Great Purge on the Soviet military?
Weakened military leadership and increased vulnerability.
45
What was the policy of 'Socialism in One Country'?
The idea that the Soviet Union should focus on strengthening itself rather than promoting global revolution.
46
Who was the Soviet leader known for his cult of personality?
Joseph Stalin
47
What was the main goal of the Soviet education system under Stalin?
To indoctrinate youth with communist ideology.
48
True or False: Stalin's policies led to rapid industrial growth in the Soviet Union.
True
49
What was the primary agricultural product of the Soviet Union during collectivization?
Grain
50
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a series of economic programs initiated by Stalin to modernize the Soviet Union.
Five-Year Plans
51
What was the impact of the Great Purge on Soviet society?
Widespread fear and mistrust among citizens.
52
What was the outcome of the 1921 Kronstadt Rebellion?
It was suppressed by the Bolshevik government.
53
Who were the primary beneficiaries of the NEP?
Small farmers and traders.
54
True or False: The Soviet Union was established as a result of the February Revolution.
False
55
What was the primary focus of the second Five-Year Plan?
To develop heavy industry.
56
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a significant famine in Ukraine caused by Stalin's policies.
Holodomor
57
What was the significance of the 1924 Constitution?
It formalized the structure of the Soviet government.
58
What role did the Comintern play in international communism?
It aimed to promote and support communist movements worldwide.
59
What was the impact of collectivization on Soviet agriculture?
Decline in agricultural production and famine.
60
True or False: The Soviet economy was based on free-market principles.
False
61
What was the primary goal of the Great Purge?
To eliminate perceived threats to Stalin's power.
62
Fill in the blank: The _____ was a series of trials that targeted Communist Party leaders during the Great Purge.
Moscow Trials
63
What was the outcome of the Russian Civil War?
The Bolsheviks consolidated power and established the Soviet Union.
64
What was Stalin's role in the Russian Civil War?
He was a key leader and organizer for the Bolshevik side.
65
True or False: Stalin's policies were generally popular among the peasantry.
False
66
What did the Soviet government use to control the narrative of events in the 1930s?
Propaganda
67
What was the role of the NKVD during Stalin's regime?
To enforce state security and suppress dissent.
68
True or False: The Soviet education system was designed to promote critical thinking.
False
69
What was the focus of Soviet foreign policy in the 1930s?
To secure the Soviet Union's borders and avoid conflict.
70
Who was the primary architect of the Soviet economy during the 1930s?
Joseph Stalin
71
What was the significance of the 1941 invasion of the Soviet Union by Germany?
It marked the beginning of the Eastern Front in World War II.

A level History OCR (1 decks)

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