OCR IT Flashcards
What is a motherboard?
The piece of hardware that holds all of the crucial parts together
What is a CPU and what does it do?
The central processing unit carries out the instructions of the computer program
What is ROM and what does it contain?
Read-only memory contains the BIOS
What is RAM and what does it hold?
Random access memory holds data or files being used
What is the Cache?
A small amount of memory located on or near the CPU
What is the NIC?
The Network Interface Card
What is a sound card and what does it do?
An expansion card that provides input and output of audio signals in a monitor
What is a video/ graphics card and what does it do?
It generates output messages to display on your computer
What does the PSU do?
The power supply unit supplies power to the PC and gets plugged into the mains
What is a USB and what does it do?
The Universal Serial Bus is used to connect a computer and a device to each other
What is a Firewire and what does it do?
The Firewire was created by Apple and was used to connect digital recorders
What does the HDMI do?
It allows you to connect to high definition video and audio
What is the VGA used for?
It’s used to connect the analogue monitor to a PC
What is the DVI?
The Digital Video Interface is used to connect to a video
How is Magnetic Storage stored?
The data is stored in a linear Fashion
How is Optical Storage stored?
It’s stored in a spiral way
How is Solid Storage stored?
In a solid state
What is an Input device?
Devices that let us get information from the outside world and into a computer so it can be stored
What is an Output device?
Any device which can take the data stored in a digital form in a computer and turn it into another format
What is an example of an Input device?
A phone, microphone, scanner and webcam
What is an example of an Output device?
Headphones, a printer, a phone and aspeaker
What are the disadvantages of a PC?
It’s not portable and its bulky
What are the advantages of a PC?
It has high performance and it can multitask
What are the disadvantages of a Laptop?
It’s more likely to be damaged and its battery life can be limited
What are the advantages of a Laptop?
It’s lighter and has everything built in which means its portable
What are the disadvantages of a Netbook?
- It has a lower RAM and CPU chip
- repairs and upgrades can be difficult because you can’t access the hardware
What are the advantages of a Netbook?
- It’s very portable
- it has a longer battery life because it’s smaller
What are the advantages of a Smartphone?
- Extremely small and light
- they support a variety of apps
What are the disadvantages of a Smartphone?
They are pricey for their size
What are the advantages of a Tablet (Android)?
They are small and have access to a lot of apps
What are the disadvantages of a Tablet (Android)?
- They have limited connectivity to external devices
- data can be less secure
What is a Computer Network?
Two or more computers connected together through wifi to share data
What is a LAN?
A Local Area Network works on a single site and has no third party users
What is WAN?
A Wide Area Network. Computers in a WAN can be connected together using a leased line
What are the advantages of a bus topology?
- It is the cheapest
- easiest to install
What are the disadvantages of a bus topology?
If the bus fails, the whole network fails
What are the advantages of a ring topology?
- Data is transferred quickly
- Its not affected by heavy traffic
What are the disadvantages of a ring topology?
If any of the cables fail, the whole network fails
What are the advantages of a star topology?
If one host goes down, it doesn’t affect the others and its easily managed
What are the disadvantages of a star topology?
If the central network device fails, the whole network goes down and no one can access the network
What are the advantages of a mesh topology?
It can handle a high amount of network traffic because multiple devices can transmit simultaneously
What are the disadvantages of a mesh topology?
It requires continuous supervision because of the redundancy present in the network
What is a computer protocol?
The rules it has to follow to be able to communicate with another computer
What is TCP/ IP?
Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol
What is a FTP?
A File Transfer Protocol sends files over the internet
What is a HTTP?
A Hypertext Transfer Protocol is used for sending hypertext. It is also encrypted before transmission
What is an Ethernet Protocol ?
An Ethernet Protocol is the standard protocol for physical and data corrections between 2+ devices
What is a DHCP?
A Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol is a network protocol that enables a server to automatically assign an IP address to a computer
What is an Operating System?
Its software that allows a user to run other apps on a computing device
What happens in Batch Processing?
Programs or data are collected together to run in a batch so they are processed all together
What happens in Interactive Processing?
Systems where tasks being run by the Operating Systems require continual exchange
What is VOIP?
Voice Over Internet Protocol
What are examples of Communication?
Email, Instant Messaging, Newsgroups and Social Networking
What is Real-time Information?
Train Timetables, News Services, Traffic and Reports
What are Download Services?
Music, Films, Upgrades and Software
What are the advantages of Cloud Storage?
Storage and accessibility is available
What are disadvantages of Cloud Storage?
You are more vulnerable to attacks and you don’t have much security and privacy
What is Data?
It has no structure and its raw and has no meaning
What is Fault Detection?
Identifying a fault that has taken place
What is Fault Diagnosis?
Identifying the piece of hardware or software that is faulty
What is POST?
A Power On Self test appears before the operating system loads. It used to use beeps to give you information about the type of error
What is the BIOS?
The Basic Input/ Output System tests computer hardware
When does the Post Process begin ?
When the first part of the BIOS loads into RAM
What is a Device Manager?
Its an important trouble-shooting tool
What does the Device Manager do?
It displays all your installed hardware devices and allows you to view which ones have problems
What does analyse mean?
Separate information into components and identify their characteristics discussed the pros and cons of a topic or argument and make reasoned comment
What does assess mean?
Offer a reasoned judgement of the standard/quality of situation/skills informed by relevant facts
What does compare mean?
Identify similarities and differences
What does demonstrate mean?
Show in an explicit way
What does define mean?
State or describe the nature, or meaning
What does describe mean?
Give an account, including all the relevant characteristics, qualities, or events
What does determine mean?
Find out, decide, e.g. what is relevant. To find a solution by following a set of procedures or to obtain a numerical value by carrying out a series of calculations
What does discuss mean?
Give an account that addresses a range of ideas and arguments
What does evaluate mean?
Make a quantitative judgement taking into account different factors and using available knowledge/experience/evidence
What does explain mean?
To give account of the purposes of reasons
What does identify mean?
Recognise, list, name or otherwise characterise
What does state mean?
Express in precise terms, expressed in unequivocal terms
What does suggest mean?
Give possible alternatives, produce an idea, put forward, e.g. an ideal plan, for consideration
