OCN

Question 1

cancer is the ___ leading cause of death in the US

Answer 1

second

Question 2

examples of primary prevention

Answer 2

Strategies such as smoking cessation, diet, modification and exercise, promotion, early detection through cancer, screening and development of new agents such as vaccines

Question 3

examples of secondary prevention

Answer 3

Detecting and treating cancer early

Question 4

sensitivity

Answer 4

Refers to how sensitive a test is to the outcome for which it is testing
ex. erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) which is sensitive to inflammation, but does not delineate exactly where the inflammation is occurring

Question 5

Specificity

Answer 5

Refers to how accurate test will be in testing for one particular item
Ex. ESR is very specific for inflammation.

Question 6

predictive value

Answer 6

Refers to the chance of test will have a false reading
ex. a false negative or false positive

Question 7

mass screening

Answer 7

Testing that is done to a large group of people
ex. State mandated testing.

Question 8

selective or prescriptive screening

Answer 8

Testing that is done for specific disease on patients who are at risk for developing that disease
ex. Genetic testing for the presence of a tumor marker.

Question 9

Single screening

Answer 9

Done to check for the presence of a specific disease, such as hypercholesterolemia

Question 10

multiple screening

Answer 10

Looking for at least two abnormalities at one time
ex. elevated cholesterol and PSA at the same time

Question 11

Multiphasic screening

Answer 11

Looking at a person over period of time for the development of any conditions
ex. Well-child checkups

Question 12

What is the most important factor in the management of breast cancer?

Answer 12

Early detection

Question 13

at what age is annual mammography recommended to begin?

Answer 13

40

Question 14

What type of imaging is recommended for screening for women with a 20 to 25% or greater lifetime risk of breast cancer?

Answer 14

MRI

Question 15

What simple examination can women perform at home to screen for breast cancer? (The majority of palpable breast lumps are discovered this way).

Answer 15

Breast self examination

Question 16

what is a woman’s first line of screening for breast cancer detection?

Answer 16

Breast self exams

Question 17

How often should breast self exam be performed?

Answer 17

monthly, but not at the same time as her period

Question 18

what does a mammogram involve?

Answer 18

From compression of the breast tissue, while an x-ray is taken to detect calcified tissue within the breast

Question 19

ductal lavage

Answer 19

Sales are collected from the breast ducks, and examined for any changes. Used for women who are at higher risk for breast cancer.

Question 20

At what age is screening for cervical cancer begin?

Answer 20

21

Question 21

how often should screening for cervical cancer occur?

Answer 21

Every three years

Question 22

what imaging is used for current or former smokers 55 to 74 years of age were those who have a smoking third history

Answer 22

Low-dose computed tomography
(chest x-rays are not recommended for lung cancer screening)

Question 23

at what age did colon cancer screening begin?

Answer 23

50

Question 24

What kind of familiar history makes someone at risk for colon cancer?

Answer 24

Family, history of colorectal, polyps, or colorectal cancer, IBS, or adenomatous polyposis

Question 25

in what ways can we screen for colon cancer?

Answer 25

Fecal occult blood testing, sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy
Double contrast, barium enema , CT colon, stool, DNA test

Question 26

Examples of tricyclic antidepressants

Answer 26

amitriptyline, imipramine

Question 27

examples of SSRIs

Answer 27

paroxetine, sertraline, escitalopram, venlafaxine

Question 28

antidepressants for insomnia

Answer 28

Mirtazapine and trazodone

Question 29

cancer incidence rate

Answer 29

rate at which patients are newly diagnosed with cancer annually