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Science Norris > Oceans and continents > Flashcards

Oceans and continents Flashcards

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1
Q

Many of the features that appear on dry land also appear on ______ ______

A

Ocean Floor

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2
Q

_____ Describes the shape of geographic area

A

Topography

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3
Q

Many factors such as _____ or _____of earths surface can create and affect landforms

A

Erosion & Uplift

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4
Q

a _______ is usually identified by surface form and location

A

Landform

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5
Q

Areas with ____ relief have a relatively large difference between the _____ elevation and the ____ elevation

A

High
Lowest
Highest

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6
Q

Earths _____are all _____

A

Oceans

Connected

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7
Q

Oceans cover more than ____ % of earths surface

A

70 %

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8
Q

Scientists separate the oceans into 5 main bodies;_____ _____ _____ _____ ______

A 
Pacific 
Atlantic 
Indian
Southern 
Arctic Ocean
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9
Q

______ ocean is the largest and deepest

A

Pacific

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10
Q

The earth was formed ___ billion years ago; Evidence indicates that earth oceans began to form as early as ___ billion years ago

A

4.6&4.2

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11
Q

__________ eruptions added large amounts of water vapor to the atmosphere

A

Volcanic

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12
Q

As earth cooled _____ _____ condensed and collect in basin on earths surface

A

water vapor

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13
Q

the melted ice from comet and asteroids that collided with earth during the oceans added to water filling earths ____ _____

A

oceans basin

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14
Q

as a ______ plate move new oceans are created and old oceans disappear

A

tectonic

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15
Q

the volume of water in the ocean has remained fairly constant; due to the _____ ____

A

water cycle

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16
Q

rain that fell to earths surface billions of years ago washed over rocks and _____ _____ containing _______ chlorine and other substances that form _____

A

dissolve
minerals
so dioxide
salts

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17
Q

rivers and streams carried these substances to ocean basin and made the _____ ______

A

water

salty

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18
Q

is the measure of mass of dissolved solids in a mass of water

A

salinity

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19
Q

is the water from a sea or ocean

A

seawater

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20
Q

salinity of seawater changes in areas where rivers enter ocean such as in an _______

A

estuary

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21
Q

black water is freshwater mixed with with seawater

A

Brackish water

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22
Q

seafloor has features similar to features on land such as ____ _____ _____ and _______

A

plains
plateaus
canyons
mountains

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23
Q

the part of an ocean next to a continent is ________ _______

A

continental margin

24
Q

A continental margin extends from ______ ______ to deep ocean

A

continent shoreline

25
Q

the shallow part of the continent nearest the shore

A

continent shelf

26
Q

extends from the continental shelf to the deep ocean

A

continental slope

27
Q

an ocean floor is shape like a

A

basin

28
Q

some features of ocean basin ______ _____ _____ ____ ____ _______ ______ _____ ____ ________ _______ ____ & ______
SEE PG 566

A 
continental shelves 
continental slope 
continental rise
abyssal plain
mid ocean ridges 
seamounts 
trenches
29
Q

thick layers of sediment cover _______ _____

A

abyssal plains

30
Q

in some areas underwater volcanoes forms ______ when they rise from abyssal plains and _______ above the _________ surface

A

islands
extend
surface

31
Q

______ _____ Rigdge forms a continuous mountain range that extends through all of earths ocean basin

A

Mid Ocean

32
Q

Earth tallest and longest mountain range measuring more than _____ KM in length _______ miles

A

65,000

40,372

33
Q

as the plates move slowly apart mid-ocean-ridges lava erupts and then cools forming new ______

A

seafloor

34
Q

_______ are the deepest parts of the ocean the most trench is the _____ trench which has a depth _______ feet

A

Trenches
Mariana
36,117

35
Q

ROV likely to be used more frequently (______) and ______ from a ship

A

unmanned

controlled

36
Q

underwater vessels which can withstand extreme pressure and great deepth

A

Submersibles

37
Q

Two main resources seafloor ______ resources and _______

A

energy

minerals

38
Q

as oil natural gas and methane are beneath the ocean floor on continental margin

A

Energy Resources

39
Q

most minerals deposits such as _______ are abyssal plains

A

magnanse

40
Q

Oceans can be divided into distinct regions or s

zones based on physical characteristics like the amount of ____ ____ ____ & ______

A

sunlight
temperatures
salinity
density

41
Q

light from the ____ penetrates below the _____ surface

A

sun

surface

42
Q

as depth increases the wavelengths of light aren’t absorbed _______ and some ______ penetrate farther than others

A

equally

colors

43
Q

wavelengths of {______ &_____} light reach deeper into the ocean than those of {______ ______&_______} light

A

blue and green

red orange and yellow

44
Q

_______&_______ zone shallow seawater that receives the greatest amount of sunlight {_~___ ft} PG 568

A

surface and sunlight

0~164

45
Q

Most organism that live in the _____ zone perform ________

A

surface

photosynthesis

46
Q

By the time the light reaches the ______ zone or _______ zone most of the light wavelength have been absorbed

A

Middle

Twilight

47
Q

the _____ zone receives only faint {blue-green} light

A

middle

48
Q

the middle zone ranges from ___ ft to ____ ft

A

164

3283

49
Q

Most deep~ Sea animals produce their own light through a chemical process called

A

bioluminescence

50
Q

just as oceans have zones of light they also have zones of ______ _____ _____

A

temperatures
salinity
density

51
Q

temperature salinity and density vary with _____

A

depth

52
Q

______ changes in these characteristics can create distinctive layers of ______

A

abrupt

seawater

53
Q

changes in ___ as depth _____ water in these regions _____ rapidly because there is ___ sunlight to warm as depth _____

A 
temperatures 
increase
less  
cools
increase
54
Q

changes in _____ when ____ water _____ salt is left behind this increase te salinity at the _____

A

salinity
warm
evaporates
surface

55
Q

changes in _____ ___ water is ___ than ____ water _____ is denser than ______

A 
density 
cold 
denser
warm
salt water 
fresh water
56
Q

ROV is ________

A

unmanned

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