Ocean History Flashcards
What were the 3 main reasons that drove people to navigate the ocean?
- Obtain food
- Discover new land
- Trading
What was the evidence shown for early navigation?
Shows different boats that was used in the ocean, also early drawings from sails.
How did the Egyptians contribute in the ocean exploration?
Early ancient Egyptian explorers stayed within sight of land and used visible landmarks to mark their course. This method is known for piloting and still used by boaters today.
What is piloting?
Is guiding a ship through waters near shores. A vessel that uses visual landmarks/aids to navigate the way the ships position is and to plan a course.
How did the Phoenicians contribute in the ocean exploration?
We’re the greatest traders, also the best sailors and navigators of the pre-classical world. First people to establish a large colonial network/routes based on seafaring.
What is Seafaring?
Traveling by sea; following the sea as a trade, business, or calling
What is the role of the Mediterranean Sea in the history of ocean exploration?
Created a maritime trading culture that spread across parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Was the source of vessel galley and developed of nautical technology supported the expansion of the Mediterranean culture.
How did the Greeks contribute to the ocean exploration?
Early ancient explorers stayed within sight of land and used visible landmarks to mark their course by using polioting and drew the first world map. Also they were discovering the determination north-south position using a angle of the North Star. Eratosthenes calculated the earths circumference also longitude and latitude.
How did the Polynesians contribute to the ocean exploration?
Polynesians voyages allowed long distance travel and the first regular open ocean long distance voyages beyond the sight of land.
How did the Chinese contribute to the ocean exploration?
The Chinese invented the magnetic compass also Chinese ships were built with central rudders and water tight compartments in both are used in modern ships.
European explorers and their contributions to the ocean exploration
Bartolomeo Dias completed the first voyage around the cape of good hope in 1487. And Vancouver da gamma led the first expedition around the cape of good hope to India ten years later.
Christopher Columbus
Created the study of America in 1492. Opened the gate to many European countries to pursue new lands
Vasco Nunez de Balboa
Crossed the isthmus of Panama becoming the first European to discover and sail the Pacific Ocean
Role of James cook in oceanography
Discovered many pacific islands and explored Australia. Never found Antarctica in several attempts.
Role of John Harrison in oceanography
The chronometer; an accurate clock invented in 1735. Allowed the determination of longitude at sea and enabling sailors to determine their exact position
