OCD - Psychiatry

Question 1

Diagnosis of OCD

Answer 1

A. Presence of obsessions, compulsions, or both:
▪ Obsessions are defined by:
1. Recurrent and persistent thoughts, urges, or images that are experienced as intrusive and unwanted and cause marked anxiety.
2. The individual attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts, urges, or images, or to neutralize them with some other thought or action (i.e., by performing a compulsion).
▪ Compulsions are defined by:
1. Repetitive behaviors (e.g., hand washing, checking) or mental acts (e.g., praying, counting) that the individual feels driven to perform in response to an obsession.
2. The behaviors or mental acts are aimed at preventing or reducing anxiety or distress, or preventing some dreaded event or situation.
B. The obsessions or compulsions are time-consuming (e.g., take more than 1 hour per day) or cause significant distress or impairment.
C. The obsessive-compulsive symptoms are not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance (e.g., a drug of abuse, a medication) or another medical condition.
D. The disturbance is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder.

Question 2

Etiology of OCD

Answer 2

A. Hereditary: Higher risk
B. Biological: Lower serotonin levels
C. Environmental: Severe emotional upheaval
D. Infection: Severe streptococcal bacteria infection

Question 3

ttt of ocd

Answer 3

A- pharmacological
1.Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI): see pharmacotherapy of major depressive diosrder.
2. clomipramine: see pharmacotherapy of major depressive diosrder.
3. Benzodiazepines: see pharmacotherapy of anxiety diosrders.

B- Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) : CBT is a type of psychotherapy thatworks especially well in treating OCD. CBT teaches the patient different ways of thinking, behaving, and coping with situations that trigger obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors.