OCD and Related Disorders

Question 1

T/F Obsessive compulsive disorder deals with the presence of obsessions or compulsions, or both

Answer 1

true

Question 2

What are obsessions defined by

Answer 2

1. Recurrent thoughts, urges or images that are experienced at some time during the disturbance which cause marked anxiety or distress.
2. The ind attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts with some other thought or action

Question 3

What are compulsions defined by

Answer 3

1. Repetitive behaviors that the ind feels driven to perform in response to an obsession
2. Behaviors are meant to reduce anxiety but they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are excessive.

Question 4

What are common themes of obsessions

Answer 4

1. contamination
2. pathological doubt
3. somatic
4. need for symmetry
5. aggressive
6. sexual
7. multiple

Question 5

what are common themes of compulsions

Answer 5

1. checking
2. washing
3. counting
4. need to ask or confess
5. symmetry and precision
6. hoarding
7. multiple

Question 6

2/3 people with OCD will have co morbid psychiatric illness in their lifetime. Which is most common?

Answer 6

MDD (major depressive disorder)

Question 7

What is the epidimiology of OCD

Answer 7

1.9- 3.3% lifetime prevalence

Question 8

What is the etiology of OCD

Answer 8

1. strong heritability

2. neuroanatomy: cortico-striato-thalamo cortical circuits in brain are hyperactive

Question 9

What are treatment options for people who have OCD

Answer 9

1. Psychotherapy:
   - Exposure and response prevention (therapist has them touch something contaminated and not have them wash their hand)
   - Cognitive Therapy
2. Pharmacotherapy:
   - SSRI’s + clomipramine (TCA -block serotonin more)
   - Monotherapies (SNRIs and MAOIs)
   - Augmentation: Atypical antipsychotics, glutamatergic agents
3. Neurosurgery:
   - Anterior cingultomy, anterior capsulotomy, subcaudate tractotomy, limbic leucotomy
   - Deep brain stimulation: ventral capsule/ventral striatum

Question 10

OCD take _____ weeks for response

Answer 10

8-12

Question 11

Describe body dysmorphic disorder

Answer 11

1. Preoccupation with 1/more perceived defects in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others.
2. Ind has repetitive behaviors (mirror checking)
   3.

Question 12

When does body dysmorphic disorder occur?

Answer 12

onset early adolescence ; males more than females; chronic with waxing and waning of symptoms; common in patients with other psychiatric disorders

Question 13

____% of people who suffer from body dysmorphic disorder are unmarried and ____% are unemployed

Answer 13

55; 20

Question 14

There maybe something going on with processing of visual stimuli in the brain of people who suffer from _____

Answer 14

body dysmorphic disorder

Question 15

What is the treatment for BDD

Answer 15

1. Psychotherapy: Exposure Response Prevention and CBT
2. MEdications:
   - SSRIs and clomipramine
   - Buspirone for augemtation
   - Atypical antipsychotic
   - Benzodiazepine for really agitated disorders.

Question 16

Describe hoarding disorder

Answer 16

1. persisten difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value; this is due to a perceived need to save the items and to distress associated with discarding them.

Question 17

Hoarding is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder. T/F

Answer 17

True

Question 18

What was hoarding disorder previously a sub type of?

Answer 18

OCD

Question 19

_____ % have comorbid mood or anxiety disorder and age of onset is around adolescence.

Answer 19

75

Question 20

What is treatment for Hoarding

Answer 20

1. Psychotherapy: CBT and frequent home visits

2. Medication: SSRIs maybe

Question 21

What is trichotillomania

Answer 21

Pulling out your hair. It is not attributable to another medical condition or mental disorder

Question 22

People with trichotillomania pull hair from multiple site and may use utensils. They can do it when their distressed or relaxed. Common co morbidiites include _____ and excoriation. The onset is around ______ and there is a genetic vulnerability.

Answer 22

MDD; puberty

Question 23

What is the treatment for Trichotillomania

Answer 23

1. Psychotherapy: Habit Reversal Therapy
2. Medication:
   - SSRIs? Clomipramine?
   - Atypical antipsychotics?
   - N-acetylcysteine
   - Inositol?

Question 24

What is excoriation disorder

Answer 24

1. picking at scabs on your skin
2. Skin picking is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition or mental disorder

Question 25

Excoriation disorder occurs usually during _____ and head and face are most common areas, females more than males, and there is a genetic vulnerability

Answer 25

adolescence

Question 26

What are treatment options for Excoriation disorder

Answer 26

1. Psychotherapy: Habit Reversal Therapy
2. Medication:
   - SSRI
   - N-acetylcysteine
   - Naltrexone (opiod antagonist)

Question 27

What substances cause or induce OCD and related disorders

Answer 27

1. amphetamines
2. cocaine
3. L dopa
4. atypical antipsychotics
5. stroke
6. CNS infection or head injury

Question 28

Pediatric acute onset neuro psychiatric syndrome

Answer 28

after strep coccal infection