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Behavioral Medicine > OCD and Related Disorders > Flashcards

OCD and Related Disorders Flashcards

1
Q

T/F Obsessive compulsive disorder deals with the presence of obsessions or compulsions, or both

A

true

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2
Q

What are obsessions defined by

A
  1. Recurrent thoughts, urges or images that are experienced at some time during the disturbance which cause marked anxiety or distress.
  2. The ind attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts with some other thought or action
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3
Q

What are compulsions defined by

A
  1. Repetitive behaviors that the ind feels driven to perform in response to an obsession
  2. Behaviors are meant to reduce anxiety but they are designed to neutralize or prevent or are excessive.
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4
Q

What are common themes of obsessions

A
  1. contamination
  2. pathological doubt
  3. somatic
  4. need for symmetry
  5. aggressive
  6. sexual
  7. multiple
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5
Q

what are common themes of compulsions

A
  1. checking
  2. washing
  3. counting
  4. need to ask or confess
  5. symmetry and precision
  6. hoarding
  7. multiple
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6
Q

2/3 people with OCD will have co morbid psychiatric illness in their lifetime. Which is most common?

A

MDD (major depressive disorder)

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7
Q

What is the epidimiology of OCD

A

1.9- 3.3% lifetime prevalence

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8
Q

What is the etiology of OCD

A
  1. strong heritability

2. neuroanatomy: cortico-striato-thalamo cortical circuits in brain are hyperactive

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9
Q

What are treatment options for people who have OCD

A
  1. Psychotherapy:
    - Exposure and response prevention (therapist has them touch something contaminated and not have them wash their hand)
    - Cognitive Therapy
  2. Pharmacotherapy:
    - SSRI’s + clomipramine (TCA -block serotonin more)
    - Monotherapies (SNRIs and MAOIs)
    - Augmentation: Atypical antipsychotics, glutamatergic agents
  3. Neurosurgery:
    - Anterior cingultomy, anterior capsulotomy, subcaudate tractotomy, limbic leucotomy
    - Deep brain stimulation: ventral capsule/ventral striatum
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10
Q

OCD take _____ weeks for response

A

8-12

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11
Q

Describe body dysmorphic disorder

A
  1. Preoccupation with 1/more perceived defects in physical appearance that are not observable or appear slight to others.
  2. Ind has repetitive behaviors (mirror checking)
    3.
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12
Q

When does body dysmorphic disorder occur?

A

onset early adolescence ; males more than females; chronic with waxing and waning of symptoms; common in patients with other psychiatric disorders

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13
Q

____% of people who suffer from body dysmorphic disorder are unmarried and ____% are unemployed

A

55; 20

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14
Q

There maybe something going on with processing of visual stimuli in the brain of people who suffer from _____

A

body dysmorphic disorder

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15
Q

What is the treatment for BDD

A
  1. Psychotherapy: Exposure Response Prevention and CBT
  2. MEdications:
    - SSRIs and clomipramine
    - Buspirone for augemtation
    - Atypical antipsychotic
    - Benzodiazepine for really agitated disorders.
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16
Q

Describe hoarding disorder

A
  1. persisten difficulty discarding or parting with possessions, regardless of their actual value; this is due to a perceived need to save the items and to distress associated with discarding them.
17
Q

Hoarding is not better explained by the symptoms of another mental disorder. T/F

A

True

18
Q

What was hoarding disorder previously a sub type of?

A

OCD

19
Q

_____ % have comorbid mood or anxiety disorder and age of onset is around adolescence.

A

75

20
Q

What is treatment for Hoarding

A
  1. Psychotherapy: CBT and frequent home visits

2. Medication: SSRIs maybe

21
Q

What is trichotillomania

A

Pulling out your hair. It is not attributable to another medical condition or mental disorder

22
Q

People with trichotillomania pull hair from multiple site and may use utensils. They can do it when their distressed or relaxed. Common co morbidiites include _____ and excoriation. The onset is around ______ and there is a genetic vulnerability.

A

MDD; puberty

23
Q

What is the treatment for Trichotillomania

A
  1. Psychotherapy: Habit Reversal Therapy
  2. Medication:
    - SSRIs? Clomipramine?
    - Atypical antipsychotics?
    - N-acetylcysteine
    - Inositol?
24
Q

What is excoriation disorder

A
  1. picking at scabs on your skin
  2. Skin picking is not attributable to the physiological effects of a substance or another medical condition or mental disorder
25
Q

Excoriation disorder occurs usually during _____ and head and face are most common areas, females more than males, and there is a genetic vulnerability

A

adolescence

26
Q

What are treatment options for Excoriation disorder

A
  1. Psychotherapy: Habit Reversal Therapy
  2. Medication:
    - SSRI
    - N-acetylcysteine
    - Naltrexone (opiod antagonist)
27
Q

What substances cause or induce OCD and related disorders

A
  1. amphetamines
  2. cocaine
  3. L dopa
  4. atypical antipsychotics
  5. stroke
  6. CNS infection or head injury
28
Q

Pediatric acute onset neuro psychiatric syndrome

A

after strep coccal infection

Behavioral Medicine (13 decks)

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