OCD

Question 1

Symptoms of compulsion in DSM-5

Answer 1

Repetitive behaviours driven in response to an obsession
Behaviours aimed at preventing/reducing anxiety or distress

Question 2

Who created the Compulsive checking model?

Answer 2

Rachman (2002)

Question 3

What are the key claims of Rachmans 2002 compulsive checking model?

Answer 3

Elevated sense of responsibility causes impaired cognitive confidence in compulsion

Question 4

Supporting evidence for the compulsive checking model by Rachman (2002)

Answer 4

Randomsky et al (2006)

Question 5

What did Radomsky et al (2006) do?

Answer 5

Used independent measures on 50 undergrad students to turn stove off
G1 = repeatedly turn stove off (relevant)
G2 = repeatedly check tap turned off (irrelevant)

Question 6

What did Radomsky et al (2006) find?

Answer 6

Initially all students were confident the stove was turned off
Irrelevant checkers remained confident but relèvent checkers lost confidence in memory

Question 7

Who ran a similar study to Radomsky et at (2006)?

Answer 7

Boschen and Vuksanovic (2007)

Question 8

What did Boschen and Vuksanovic (2007) find?

Answer 8

Replicated findings in ocd and student ppt in similar study whereby instead irrelevant checkers checked if light was turned off
= clear support for Rachmans model of OCD

Question 9

What is a psychological treatment for OCD?

Answer 9

CBT

Question 10

Who ran a CBT for OCD meta analysis?

Answer 10

Olatunji et al (2013)
756 ppt from 16 studies with a mix of waiting list and active controls

Question 11

What did Olatunji et al (2013) find in their meta analysis?

Answer 11

CBT outcomes were significantly better than control interventions
Hedges g = 1.39, CI = 1.04-1.74

Question 12

Was this outcome maintained at follow up ( Olatunji et al 2013)?

Answer 12

Yes, hedges g = 0.44, CI 0.12-0.74
Small effect as only based on 3 studies, 111ppt

Question 13

Was CBT still effective when compared with active control Vs waiting list?

Answer 13

Yes
Waiting list control = hedges g = 1.67 CI = 1.31-2.04
Active control = hedges g = 0.92 CI = 0.53-1.33
Still large effect of CBT vs active placebo treatment

Question 14

What is a biological treatment for OCD?

Answer 14

SSRIs

Question 15

Who ran a meta analysis of SSRI on OCD?

Answer 15

Bloch et al (2010)
Used data from 9 trials, 2268ppt

Question 16

What did Bloch et al (2010) examine?

Answer 16

If increased dose related to increased improvements, side effects and drop out rate

Question 17

What did Bloch et al (2010) find?

Answer 17

All 3 dosage levels caused greater improvement than placebo
Low = 2.5 change in severity
Medium = 2.6 change in severity
High = 3.9 change in severity Vs placebo
Med dose not sig better than low
High and med had greater drop out rates than low and placebo

Question 18

Combining psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy?

Answer 18

Black (2006) = 4 trails comparing CBT + medicine Vs placebo
= no clear evidence that combined therapy is more effective