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occlusion videos Flashcards

1
Q

occlusion is

A

dynamic relationship between teeth as the mandible goes through its functional movement

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2
Q

maxilla in occlusion

A

no movement

fixed to skull/ cranial base

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3
Q

frontal plane occlusal movemetns

A

shield shape

  • mandible moves to working side
  • mandible moves away from non working/ balancing side
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4
Q

overjet

A

horizontal overlap

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5
Q

overbite

A

vertical overlap

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6
Q

movement when chewing on left

A
  • Mandible move to left
  • Left has working movement
  • Right has balancing/non working movement
  • Side match movement direction – working movement*
  • Side does not match movement direction – non working movement*

dots are centric stops

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7
Q

NW condyle movement

A

slides down the articular eminence

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8
Q

W condyle movement

A

rotates - centre of rotation for NW

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9
Q

protrusion movement of condyles

A

both condyles move forward and down articular eminence

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10
Q

occlusal grid

A

right side of mouth

mandible moves backward relative to maxilla moving forward

  • Hence opposite directions
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11
Q

which cusp contacts where cursor is in static occlusion?

A

Firstly where are we

  • Maxilla
  • Left
  • 26

so Mesial buccal cusp of 36

  • (move distofacial of contact point and what it is – so distal margin ridge 26 -> mesial buccal 37)
  • Lower move mesiollingual*
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12
Q

what movement does the blue arrow depict in dynamic occlusion?

A

Straight to buccal for maxilla

  • Working movement

Left side of movement

  • So left lateral excursive movement
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13
Q

how to use occlusal grid for

if the mandible is moving left, the buccal cusp of the right mandibular second premolar may contact what cusp?

A

contact 4 on lower

  • Find 4 on upper to correspond

Mandible moving left but we have grid for right side

  • Side does not match direction
  • NW

Hit distobuccal surface of the lingual cusp of the maxillary first premolar

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14
Q

how to use occlusal grid for

In the right lateral excursion the ML cusp of the maxillary second molar passes through what structure?

A

Right side – working mvmt

Lingual groove mandibular second molar

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15
Q

how to use occlusal grid for

in a left non-working movement, the MB cusp of the right maxillary first molar will pass through what structure?

A

Mesial buccal not marked in so extrapolate

Non working on left is the right working and we are on right

  • So working

Pass through mesial buccal mandibular first molar, central pit and groove

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16
Q

Alginate

A

irreversible hydrocolloid

  • Material of choice for diagnostic casts
  • Sodium or potassium salts of alginic acid which react chemically with calcium sulphate to produce insoluble calcium alginate
  • Diatomaceous earth add strength
  • Trisodium phosphate controls setting rate
  • More bulk means less susceptibility to unwanted dimensional change
  • 2-3 minutes -> remove tray
  • Within 15 mins -> pour impression (in dental stone)
  • 30-60 minutes -> casts set
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17
Q

casts

A

moulds of teeth in dental stone

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18
Q

maxillo-mandibular relations (MMR)

2 key

A

centric occlusion

maximum intercuspation(MI)/ centric occlusion

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19
Q

centric relation CR

A
  • Position in which condyles articulate with the thinnest avascular portion in their respective discs in the most anterior-superior position against the articular eminences
    • Disc – beige
      • Condyle is constantly contact with
  • Independent of teeth
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20
Q

maximum intercuspation MI/ centric occlusion

A
  • Complete interdigitation of teeth
  • Independent of condylar position
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21
Q

how often does MI and CR coincide

A

Coincide in only 10% of population

22
Q

when are casts mounted in MI

A

Casts are mounted in MI when MI can be maintained (single fixed procedure)

  • Can hand articulate
23
Q

when are casts mounted in CR

A
  • when MI is impossible to maintain (complete dentures, multiple teeth being restored or replaced) more reliable
    • Cannot hand articulate
      • Fully edentulous, free end saddles, malocclusions
24
Q

most reliable and reproducible jaw position of the mouth

A

CR

centric relation

25
occlusal harmony
want Joint, muscles and teeth must function in harmony – like a jaw in its frame * Hinges – TMJ * Teeth – door and frame * Maxilla - stationary – frame * Mandible – moveable - door * Handle – muscles
26
bimanual manipulation
one of the most accurate methods to obtain accurate CR interocclusal records * with pt laying back, support the posterior mandible with fingers and chin with thumb * deprogram the jaw * condyles in most superior and anterior position and swing mandible until get one tooth contact identify the first CR tooth contact and repeat until you identify a consistent first tooth contact keep anterior teeth slightly apart in CR with leaf gauge or acrylic resin jig * then take interocclusal record of posterior teeth with PVS (polyvinylsiloxane) * permanent registration of relationship between upper and lower teeth - *usually only posterior teeth captured so don’t have anterior*
27
facebow record
Objective is to duplicate on the articulator the **relationship of the maxillary arch to the skull and the mandible to the rotational centre of the TMJs** that exists for that particular pt * arbitrary facebow – orients maxillary cast to skull via external auditory meatus to stabilise the bow (less precise but more easy to use) * kinematic facebow – placed on the hinge axis of the mandible (more complex) transfers relationship of maxilla to rest of skull from pt to articulator
28
articulator components relation to anatomy
* upper member = maxilla * lower member = mandible * hinge axis = TMJ
29
interocclusal record - bite registration
transfer registration of maxilla and mandible * facebow – to place maxilla * bite reg – to place mandible
30
purpose of articulators, casts and interocclusal records
mounting physical representation of pt mouth outside the pt
31
nonadjustable articulator
* does not reproduce full range of mandibular movement – up and down alone * distance between hinge and teeth is significant shorter than in the patient * may result in premature contacts and incorrect ridge and groove direction of restorations only v simple, everything in MI
32
semiadjustable articulator
allows you to set the Bennett angle (15o) and HCI (30o) arcon = condyles are a part of the lower member, fossa are a part of the upper member * mandible has condyle – anatomically accurate (picture) nonarcon = upper and lower members are rigidly attached
33
HCI
HCI horizontal condylar inclination * Vertical angle that condyles move as pt jaws function down articular eminence 30o
34
bennet angle
* Horizontal angle that condyle move as pt 15o
35
arcon semiadjustable articulator
condyles are a part of the lower member, fossa are a part of the upper member mandible has condyle – anatomically accurate (picture)
36
non arcon semiadjustable articulator
* upper and lower members are rigidly attached
37
fully adjustable articulator
* pantograph is used to follow pt border movements * rarely used
38
pouring casts from alginate
casts poured from alginate are more accurately mounted with wax records
39
pouring casts from elastomeric maaterials
casts poured from elastomeric materials are more accurately mounted with elastomeric materials (PVS) or ZOE paste
40
disclusion
imp in pros * teeth are separating from one another in function * protect the teeth from wear and occlusal force and trauma
41
2 guidance on protrusion of jaw forward
condylar guidance incisal guidance
42
condylar guidance
on protrusion of jaw forward * slope of articular eminence (can be shallow/steeper) * represented by HCI on articular * **posterior determinant of occlusion**
43
incisal guidance
on protrusion of jaw forward * incisal edges of lower incisors against lingual slopes of upper incisors * represented by a pin and guide table on articulator * **anterior determinant of occlusion**
44
guidance in lateral movement
canine
45
canine guidance
* when lateral movements all posterior teeth are immediately discluded as contact occurs solely between upper and lower canine on the working side
46
anterior guidance refers to
both incisal and canine guidance
47
mutual protection occlusion anterior guidance (incisal and canine)
during protrusive, incisal and condylar guidance provide clearance for all posterior teeth during lateral, canines on working side and condyle on balancing side provide clearance for posterior teeth on balancing side (mandible moving away from)
48
guide table use
anterior guidances must be preserved when restorative procedures change the surfaces of any ‘guiding teeth’ * e.g. full anterior crowns - true representation of natural occlusion
49
guide table types
mechanical incisal guide tables insufficient information to reproduce lingual contours of maxillary anterior natural teeth * lingual contours curved not straight custom incisal guide table is made our of acrylic resin and provides this information
50
mutual protection

BDS3 Op Tech (10 decks)

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