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2A Oral Anatomy Finals > Occlusion Handouts > Flashcards

Occlusion Handouts Flashcards

1
Q

The skull is composed of ______ bones. Some of these are ______ and some are ______.

Group into 2 categories: one group surrounds the ______ and one group forms the ______

A

22, single, paired

grain, face

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2
Q

The following 8 bones make up the neurocranium - the bones surrounding the brain:

A

Frontal bone (single)
Sphenoid bone (single)
Ethmoid bone (single)
Occipital bone (single)
Temporal bone (paired)
Parietal bone (paired)

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3
Q

PAIRED BONES:

A

-maxillae
-palatines
-inferio nasal conchae
-nasals
-lacrimals
-zygomatics
-temporals
-parietals

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4
Q

SINGLE/UNPAIRED BONES:

A

​-mandible
​-vomer
​-ethmoid
​-frontal
​-sphenoid
​-occipital

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5
Q

______
-entire upper jaw

A

MAXILLAE

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6
Q

______
-contributes to the formation of the upper portion of the face, nose, orbits and hard palate

A

MAXILLAE

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7
Q

______
-makes up the floor of the nose

A

PALATAL BONE

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8
Q

MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
Muscles of mastication move the mandible
They include 4 pairs of muscles:

A

Masseter
Temporalis
Medial Pterygoid
Lateral Pterygoid

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9
Q

There are five different ways the mandible moves:

A

elevate
depress
retrude
protrude
lateral excursions

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10
Q

______
- fan-shaped, large but flat muscle with both vertical anterior (and middle) fibers and more horizontal posterior fibers

A

TEMPORALIS MUSCLE

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11
Q

TEMPORALIS MUSCLE
INNERVATION:

A

temporal branches of the mandibular division of the 5th nerve

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12
Q

TEMPORALIS MUSCLE
ORIGIN:

A

arises from the entire temporal fossa which comprised of the squamous part of temporal bones and the greater wing of the sphenoid bones and the adjacent portions of the frontal and parietal bones

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13
Q

TEMPORALIS MUSCLE
INSERTION: ______

A

inserts on the coronoid process of the mandible

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14
Q

TEMPORALIS MUSCLE
ACTION:

A

anterior and middle vertical fibers - elevation of the mandible
posterior fibers - retraction of the mandible

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15
Q

______
-located on the medial surface of the ramus

A

MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE

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16
Q

______
-it is active during protrusion

A

MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE

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17
Q

MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
INNERVATION:

A

nerve vagus

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18
Q

MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
ORIGIN:

A

arises mainly from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate and the pterygoid fossa between the medial and lateral pterygoid plates on the sphenoid bone

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19
Q

MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
INSERTION:

A

inserts on the medial surface of the mandible in a triangular region at the angle and on the superior adjacent portions of the ramus just above the angle

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20
Q

MEDIAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
ACTION:

A

elevates the mandible and for lateral positioning of the mandible

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21
Q

______
-largest, most superficial, bulky and powerful of the muscles of mastication

A

MASSETER MUSCLE

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22
Q

MASSETER MUSCLE
ORIGIN:

A

arises from the inferior and medial surfaces of the zygomatic bone, the zygomatic process of the maxillae, and the temporal process of zygomatic bone. From here it extends inferiorly and posteriorly towards its insertion

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23
Q

MASSETER MUSCLE
INSERTION:

A

inserts on the inferior lateral surface of the ramus and angle of the mandible

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24
Q

MASSETER MUSCLE
ACTION:

A

elevates the mandible and applies great power in crushing food

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25
Q

______
-has the fibers aligned most horizontally

A

LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE

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26
Q

______
-short, thick somewhat conical muscle located deep in the infrate poral fossa and is the prime mover of the mandible

A

LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE

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27
Q

LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
ORIGIN:

A

arise from two heads, both located on the sphenoid bone
Superior head - smaller, attached to the infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone. Active during various jaw-closing movements only, such as chewing
Inferior head - large, attached to the adjacent lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate on the sphenoid bone. Active during the jaw-closing movements and protrusion only.

28
Q

LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
INSERTION:

A

inserts on the depression on the front neck of the condyloid process called the pterygoid fovea, and into the anterior margin of the articular disc.

29
Q

LATERAL PTERYGOID MUSCLE
ACTION:

A

protrude the mandible
depress the mandible
contralateral abduction. when only one lateral pterygoid contracts, it pulls the condyle on that side medialward and anteriorly, moving the body of the mandible and its teet toward the opposite side.

30
Q

SUPRAHYOID:

A

-geniohyoid
-mylohoid
-stylohyoid
-digastric

31
Q

INFRAHYOID:

A

-sternohyoid
-thyrohyoid
-sternothyroid
-omohyoid

32
Q

______ or ______ is the connection two separate parts of the skeleton

A

joint, articulation

33
Q

______ / ______ - articulation between the mandible and two temporal bones

A

craniomandibular, temporomandibular joint

34
Q

3 articulating parts of the temporomandibular joint:

A
  1. mandibular condyle
  2. articular fossa and articular eminence(tubercle) of the temporal bone
  3. articular disc
35
Q

The meniscus has three parts:

A
  1. anterior band
  2. intermediate band
  3. posterior band
36
Q

The meniscus has three parts:
______ - is the thinner anterior segment which is continuous with the ligament fibers of lateral pterygoid muscles

A

anterior band

37
Q

The meniscus has three parts:
______ - is the connecting part of anterior and posterior bands

A

intermediate band

38
Q

The meniscus has three parts:
______ - is the thickened part (bilaminar area) consisting of upper stratum which is attached to the temporal bone and the lower stratum which is attached to the condyle on its medial and lateral borders

A

posterior band

39
Q

______
- sometimes referred to as the capsular ligament

A

Fibrous capsule/articular capsule

40
Q

______
- is a sheet, sac, or tube of tissue that encloses the joint like a tube

A

Fibrous capsule/articular capsule

41
Q

The fibrous capsule is composed of two layers:

A

a. Inner layer (synovial membrane)
b. Outer layer

42
Q

The fibrous capsule is composed of two layers:
______ - lines the fibrous capsule. This is a thin layer of tissue that secretes a fluid, ______, that lubricates the joint. The synovial fluid is a dialysate of blood plasma containing ______ and ______ and is a clear, yellowish and viscous fluid.

A

Inner layer (synovial membrane), synovia, globulin, mucin

43
Q

The fibrous capsule is composed of two layers:
______ - is thickened on its lateral border to form the temporomandibular ligament

A

Outer layer

44
Q

______ are slightly elastic bands of tissue. They support and confine the movement of the mandible to protect muscle from being stretched beyond their capabilities

A

Ligaments

45
Q

Ligaments that support the joint:

A

a. Capsular ligament
b. Temporomandibular ligament
c. Stylomandibular ligament
d. Sphenomandibular ligament

46
Q

Temporomandibular joint is described as ______

A

ginglymo-arthrodial joint

47
Q

______ (hinge joint) the manner of movement takes place on one plane

A

Ginglymus

48
Q

______ is one in which the principal movement is gliding.

A

Arthrodial

49
Q

Two types of movements:

A
  1. Gliding type
  2. Hinge type
50
Q

Two types of movements:
______ - occurs between the articular disc and the articular surface of the temporal bone

A

Gliding type

51
Q

Two types of movements:
______ - occurs between the inferior surface of the anterior disc and the head of the condyle

A

Hinge type

52
Q

______ - refers to the contact relationships of the teeth resulting from neuromuscular control of the masticatory system. It is when the teeth in the mandibular arch come in contact with the teeth in the maxillary arch in a functional relationship

A

Occlusion

53
Q

Keys to Occlusion
A. Molar Relationship
the ______ surface of the ______ of the maxillary 1st permanent molar contacts and occludes with the ______ surface of the ______ of the mandibular 2nd permanent molar

A

distal, distal marginal ridge, mesial, mesial marginal ridge

54
Q

Keys to Occlusion
A. Molar Relationship
The ______ cusp of the maxillary 1st molar falls within the groove between the ______ and ______ cusps of the mandibular 1st permanent molars

A

mesiobuccal, mesial, middle

55
Q

Keys to Occlusion
A. Molar Relationship
The ______ cusp of the maxillary 1st molar seats in the ______ fossa of the mandibular 1st molar

A

mesiolingual, central

56
Q

Keys to Occlusion
B. Rotations
- Teeth should be free of ______

A

undesirable rotations

57
Q

Keys to Occlusion
C. Tight Contacts
- In the absence of such abnormalities such as general ______ discrepancies, contact points should be ______

A

tooth size, tight

58
Q

Keys to Occlusion
D. Curve of Spee
- A ______ should be a treatment goal. Measured from the most prominent of the ______ to the ______

A

flat occlusal plane, mandibular 2nd molar, mandibular central incisor

59
Q

Keys to Occlusion
E. Dental Arch Formation
- In both dental arches, the alignment of teeth follows a ______

A

parabolic curve

60
Q

Keys to Occlusion
E. Dental Arch Formation
- Usually the maxillary arch is ______ than mandibular arch resulting in the ______ cusps overlapping the ______ cusps when the arches are in maximal occlusal contact

A

larger, maxillary, mandibular

61
Q

Keys to Occlusion:

A

A. Molar Relationship
B. Rotations
C. Tight Contacts
D. Curve of Spee
E. Dental Arch Formation

62
Q

Purposes of contact relation between teeth of the same dental arch:

A
  1. It protect the gingival papilla in the interproximal spaces, thereby avoiding periodontal involvement which could be destructive
  2. The collective activity of all teeth in contact “shoulder to shoulder” stabilizes each tooth in the dental arch
63
Q

Compensating Curvatures of the Dental Arches:

A
  1. Bonwill Equilateral Triangle
  2. Curve of Spee
  3. Curve of Wilson
  4. Curve of Monsoon
64
Q

Compensating Curvatures of the Dental Arches:
______
- the angles of the triangle are placed at the center of each condyle and at the mesial contact areas of the mandibular central incisors

A

Bonwill Equilateral Triangle

65
Q

Compensating Curvatures of the Dental Arches:
______
- a curve alignment observed at the cusps & incisal ridges of the teeth as seen from the point opposite the 1st molars. Antero-posterior relation of the teeth viewed from the lateral aspect

A

Curve of Spee

66
Q

Compensating Curvatures of the Dental Arches:
______
- it is the curvature established by the tilting of the mandibular posteriors making the maxillary arch convex and the mandibular arch concave as one views the arches from the front

A

Curve of Wilson

67
Q

Compensating Curvatures of the Dental Arches:
______
- the mandibular arch adapts its occlusal surfaces to the curved surface of a segment of a sphere of a 4 inch radius

A

Curve of Monsoon

2A Oral Anatomy Finals (2 decks)

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