Occlusion Glossary Flashcards
Angle's classification of occlusion class I: The ideal relationship of posterior teeth when the \_\_\_\_\_ cusp of the maxillary \_\_\_ molar is centered on the \_\_\_\_ groove of the mandibular \_\_\_ molar.
mesiobuccal; first; buccal; first
Angle's classification of occlusion class II: malocclusion in which the mandibular dental arch is \_\_\_\_ to the maxillary dental arch in one or both lateral segments.
posterior
What is the relationship of the mandibular first molar to the maxillary first molar compared to the ideal class 1 relationship in a class II occlusion?
the mandibular first molar is DISTAL to the maxillary first molar
Angle's classification of occlusion class III: malocclusion in which the mandibular dental arch is \_\_\_\_ to the maxillary dental arch in one or both lateral segments.
anterior
What is the relationship of the mandibular first molar to the maxillary first molar compared to the ideal class 1 relationship in a class III occlusion?
the mandibular first molar is MESIAL to the maxillary first molar
What is the influence of contacting surfaces of anterior teeth on tooth-limiting mandibular movements?
anterior guidance*
What is a form of mutually-protected articulation in which the vertical and horizontal
overlap of the anterior teeth disengage the posterior teeth in all mandibular excursive movements?
anterior protected articulation ( anterior guidance, cuspid guidance, cuspid rise)
Arch alignment is the relative position of teeth to form a ____ or ___ shaped configuration when viewed from the occlusal aspect
curved or U
The orientation of the long axis of a ____ (natural or artificial) relative to the sagittal and frontal planes is known as _____.
crown; axial inclination
Which angle is formed between the sagittal plane and the average path of the nonworking
condyle, as viewed in the transverse plane, during lateral movements?
Bennet angle*
What is the bilateral, simultaneous anterior and posterior occlusal contact of teeth in centric and eccentric positions? This occlusion is characteristic of heavily worn
natural teeth and complete denture design.
Balanced Articulation*
Border movement is the ____ movement at the limits dictated by anatomic structures.
mandibular
Border ____ is a position of the mandible when it is at the limit of active or passive movement in any direction in space.
position
What is a form of mutually-protected articulation in which the vertical and horizontal
overlap of the canine teeth disengage the posterior teeth in the excursive movements of the mandible.
Canine Protected Articulation
Centric cusps are the ____ cusps of the maxillary posterior teeth and the ____ cusps of the mandibular posterior teeth
lingual; buccal
What are those cusps or incisal edges of teeth that contact in and support centric occlusion?
facial cusps of the mandibular posterior teeth, the maxillary palatal cusps, and the incisal edges of the mandibular anterior teeth.
What is the occlusion of opposing teeth when the mandible is in centric relation?
centric occlusion (CO)
T/F. Centric occlusion may or may not coincide with the maximal intercuspation position.
True.
Centric Relation (CR) is the maxillomandibular relationship in which the condyles articulate with the ____ avascular portion of their respective disks with the complex in the ___-___ position against the shapes of the articular ____.
thinnest; anterior-superior; eminences
T/F. Centric Relation (CR) is independent of tooth contact.
True.
Which axis is CR restricted to a purely rotary movement?
about the transverse horizontal axis
Centric Relation (CR) is clinically discernible when the mandible is directed ____ and ____.
superiorly; anteriorly
CR is a clinically determined position of the ____ placing both ____ into their ___ uppermost position.
mandible; condyles; anterior
T/F. Determining Centric Relation (CR) causes pain and derangement in the TMJ.
False. This can be determined in patients without pain or
derangement in the TMJ
What movement is intended to simulate that produced by the condyles in the temporomandibular joints?
Condylar Guidance (noun)*
What is the the mechanical form located on the upper-posterior region of an articulator that controls movement of its mobile member?
Condylar Guidance (noun)*
What is the path traveled by the mandibular condyle in the temporomandibular joint
during any movements of the mandible?
Condylar Path*
The Curve of Spee is the ___ (___) line formed by the cusp tip of the mandibular ____ and the ____ cusps of the mandibular posterior teeth (usually shown projected onto the median plane).
concave (superiorly); canine; buccal
The Curve of Wilson is viewed from the ___ plane, it is the ____ (____) curve which contacts the buccal and lingual cusps of the mandibular ___ bilaterally.
frontal; concave (superiorly); molars
What is the relationship that exists when a centric cusp occludes with an opposing fossa, resulting in three points of contact, with no contact on the cusp tip?
cusp-fossa contact
T/F. Cusp-Fossa Occlusal Scheme has tooth-to-two tooth occlusion.
False. Cusp-Fossa Occlusal Scheme has tooth-to-tooth occlusion. Cusp-Marginal Ridge Occlusal Scheme has tooth-to-two tooth occlusion.
What is the entire arrangement of posterior teeth in which centric cusps occlude exclusively in specified fossae of the opposing maxillary or mandibular counterpart crown? This articulation is usually associated with gnathologic-based oral rehabilitation.
Cusp-Fossa Occlusal Scheme
What is the most common type of naturally occurring occlusion?
Cusp-Marginal Ridge Occlusal Scheme
What is the entire arrangement of posterior teeth in which centric cusps occlude in
specified fossae or on adjacent marginal ridges of the opposing maxillary or mandibular crown or crowns?
Cusp-Marginal Ridge Occlusal Scheme
Which point of contact has three points? Which has two?
Cusp-Fossa Contact = 3
Cusp-Marginal Ridge Contact = 2
What is the relationship when a centric cusp occludes with opposing adjacent marginal
ridges resulting in two contact areas?
Cusp-Marginal Ridge Contact
What type of contact occurs when any surface diverts the mandible from its intended movement?
Deflective Occlusal Contact (occlusal prematurity, occlusal interference, occlusal disharmony)
What are those anatomic structures that dictate or limit the movements of the mandible
when the teeth are in contact?
Determinants of Mandibular Movements (determinants of occlusion)*
The anterior determinant of mandibular movement is ___.
dental articulation.
The posterior determinants of mandibular movement are ___.
the temporomandibular articulations and their associated structures
What are the spaces formed about the proximal contact areas of adjacent teeth?
embrasure
What are the four regions of embrasures?
occlusal (incisal), mesial, distal, and gingival (cervical)
Excursive movement occurs when the mandible moves ___ from maximal intercuspation.
away
What movement occurs when all normal, proper, or characteristic movements of the mandible made during mastication, swallowing, speech, and other associated movements. (occurs within the range from centric relation to all facial-edge-to-edge-maxillary-tomandibular-tooth excursive positions)?
Functional mandibular movements
____ is the influence on mandibular movements by the contacting surfaces of the
maxillary and mandibular anterior.
Guidance
What is the height of contour?
a line encircling a tooth and designating its greatest circumference at a selected
axial position determined by a dental surveyor; a line encircling a body designating its greatest circumference in a specified plane.
Horizontal Overlap or Overjet is the the amount by which the ___ edges of the maxillary anterior teeth are ___ to
the incisal edges of the mandibular teeth at ___ ___.
incisal; labial; maximal intercuspation
Define interference.
any tooth contacts that interfere with or hinder harmonious mandibular
movement.
T/F. Interarch Tooth Alignment is the position of the mandibular teeth (or tooth) relative to the maxillary teeth (or tooth) when the teeth are minimally occluded.
False. MAXIMALLY occluded.
Mandibular Translation* (sideshift or Bennet movement) is the ____ movement of the mandible when viewed in the ___ plane.
medialateral; frontal
Mandibular Translation (Early)* occurs when the translatory portion of ____ movement in which the greatest portion occurs early in the first ___ mm of forward movement of the __-____ condyle as it leaves ___ ____.
lateral; 4; non-working; centric relation
Mandibular Translation, Immediate (immediate sideshift)* occurs when the translatory portion of ___ movement in which the __-____ condyle moves essentially ____ and ____ as it leaves the centric relation position.
lateral; non-working; straight; medially
What is the translatory portion of mandibular movement viewed in the transverse plane
that occurs at a rate or amount that is directly proportional to the forward movement of the non-working condyle (i.e. straight line movement)?
Mandibular Translation, Progressive - (progressive sideshift, distributed mandibular
translation)
Define Maximal Intercuspal Position, Maximal Intercuspation - (MI, MIP, intercuspal position,
IP, ICP).
the complete intercuspation of the opposing teeth independent of condylar
position.
T/F. Maximal Intercuspal Contacts are tooth contacts (static) in maximal intercuspation.
True.
What is any contact of opposing teeth which prevents the mandible from achieving the
position of maximal intercuspation?
Maximal Intercuspation Occlusal Prematurity - (deflective contact, interference)
Maximal Intercuspation Occlusal Prematurity usually results in an increased occlusal
____ dimension which is at a ____ during maximal intercuspation.
vertical; minimum
What is an occlusal scheme in which the posterior teeth prevent excessive contact of the anterior teeth in maximal intercuspation, and the anterior teeth disengage the posterior teeth in all mandibular excursive movements?
Mutually Protected Articulation - (mutually protected occlusion)*
Non-centric cusps are the ___ cusps of the maxillary posterior teeth and the ___ cusps of the
mandibular posterior teeth.
buccal; lingual
What is a non-working side Occlusal Contact?
any tooth surface making contact on the side of the mandible opposite to the
direction of lateral displacement.
What is a Non-Working Side Deflective Occlusal Contacts?
any tooth surface on the non-working side which hinders the desired occlusal contact or mandibular movement.
Occlusal Prematurity is any contact of opposing teeth that occurs ___ the planned intercuspation.
before
what is the portion of the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth that lies within the perimeter of the cusp tips and marginal ridges.
Occlusal table
Define the occlusal table width.
the maximum buccolingual dimension of the occlusal table; the distance from the buccal cusp apex to the lingual cusp apex as viewed from the mesial or distal.
What is occlusal vertical dimension?
the distance measured between a maxillary reference point and the mandibular
counterpart when the occluding members are in contact.
When is occlusal vertical dimension at a minimum?
with the mandible in maximal intercuspation
What is an occlusal scheme or design which is thought to satisfy all mechanical and
neuromuscular requirements for maximum sustained health of the masticatory
system?
optimal occlusion
What is an occlusion which exists in the absence of signs and symptoms of occlusionrelated pathosis?Acceptability of occlusal variation and a sense of psychological and physical patient comfort are implied.
Physiologic occlusion*
T/F. Retrusion is anterior movement of the mandible.
False. Protrusion is anterior movement of the mandible. Retrusion is posterior movement.
Any tooth surface making contact when the mandible moves anteriorly? posteriorly?
protrusive contacts; retruded contacts
What is any surface which hinders the desired occlusal contact or mandibular movement during anterior excursions? posterior?
Protrusive Deflective Occlusal Contact - (protrusive interference);
Retrusive Deflective Occlusal Contacts - (retrusive interferences)
What is the relation of the mandible to the maxillae at the instant of tooth (or prostheses,
or occlusal rim) contact following closure about the transverse horizontal axis?
Retruded Contact Position - (RCP, centric relation occlusion)
Reverse articulation (reverse occlusion, crossbite)* occurs when malocclusion in which the mandibular teeth are located \_\_\_ to an ideal occlusal relationship with the opposing maxillary teeth when all teeth are maximally occluded.
facial
In reverse articulation* the maxillary ___ cusps articulate on the ___ ___ line of the mandibular teeth.
buccal; central fossae
Define therapeutic occlusion.
an occlusal scheme devised and executed by the dentist using comprehensive
restorative techniques. It may be used to counteract existing or to minimize future
problems.
Define Transverse Horizontal Axis - (hinge axis, terminal hinge axis)
a unique imaginary mediolateral line about which the mandible can be made to repeatably undergo pure rotation by clinical manipulation. Both condyles should occupy the most superoanterior position in their mandibular fossa with discs properly interposed (compare this definition with centric relation).
What is the arcing motion of the mandible about the transverse horizontal axis. The mandibular cusps move in arcs whose radii are determined by the cusp’s
distance from the transverse horizontal axis
Transverse Horizontal Axis Movement - (arc of closure)
Unilateral Balanced Occlusion* - (____ ____ occlusion) -
simultaneous contact of most teeth on the ____ side, but no contact on the ____ side.
group function; working; non-working
What is the degree of separation (distance between) the maxillae and the mandible.
Vertical dimension
Vertical Overlap (overbite)* is the the amount by which the incisal edges of the maxillary \_\_\_ teeth are \_\_\_\_ to the incisal edges of the mandibular teeth at \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_.
anterior; inferior; maximal intercuspation
This is defined as the side toward which the mandible moves or is displaced.
working side (laterotrusive side, rotating side)
What contact occurs when any tooth surface makes contact on the side of the mandible toward which it is displaced? Assume displacement occurs laterally from the maximal intercuspal
position.
Working Side Contacts - (laterotrusive contacts, functional side contacts,
rotating side contacts)
Define Working Side Deflective Occlusal Contacts.
any tooth surface on the working side which hinders the desired occlusal contact
or mandibular movement.
