Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BDS3 - Operative Dentistry > occlusion and restorative dentistry 1 > Flashcards

occlusion and restorative dentistry 1 Flashcards

1
Q

define occlusion

A

how the teeth meet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the TMJ

A

The TMJ is the joint between the condylar head of the mandible and the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone
TMJ is a synovial, condylar and hinge-type joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the different parts of the TMJ

A
  • Cranial base
  • Mandible
  • Muscles of mastication
  • Innervation
  • Vascular supply
  • Articular disc
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are the superior and inferior articular cavities lined by

A

The superior and inferior articular cavities are lined by separate superior and inferior synovial membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is the capsule

A

The capsule is a fibrous membrane that surrounds the joint and attaches to the articular eminence, the articular disc and the neck of the mandibular condyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is the articular disc

A

The articular disc is a fibrous extension of the capsule that runs between the two articular surfaces of the TMJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the articular disc articulate with

A

The disc articulates with the mandibular fossa of the temporal bone above and the condyle of the mandible below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how is the disc attached to the condyle

A

The disc is also attached to the condyle medially and laterally by the collateral ligaments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what does the anterior disc attach to

A

The anterior disc attaches to the joint capsule and the superior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what does the posterior disc attach to

A

The posterior portion attaches to the mandibular fossa and is referred to as retro-discal tissue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what is the retro-discal tissue like

A

Unlike the disc itself the retro-discal tissue is vascular and highly innervated and is a major contributor in the pain of TMD

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what muscle groups are involved in the mandibular movement

A

• Muscles of Mastication

• Suprahyoid Muscles
	○ Elevate the hyoid bone or depress the mandible
	○ Suprahyoids are the:
		§ Digastric
		§ Geniohyoid 
			□ These 2 depress the mandible and elevates the hyoid
		§ Stylohyoid 
			□ Initiates swallowing by pulling the hyoid bone posterior superior
		§ Mylohyoid muscles  Elevates the hyoid bone and the floor of the mouth
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what mandibular movement does the muscles of mastication cause

A

Involved in depression, elevation and lateral movements of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the suprahyoid muscles

A 
§ Digastric
§ Geniohyoid 
	□ These 2 depress the mandible and elevates the hyoid
§ Stylohyoid 
§ Mylohyoid muscles
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how does the stylohyoid muscle iniates swallowing

A

Initiates swallowing by pulling the hyoid bone posterior superior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what does the mylohyoid muscle do

A

Elevates the hyoid bone and the floor of the mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what mandibular movement does the suprahyoid muscles cause

A

Elevate the hyoid bone or depress the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what is the function of the temporalis

A

Elevates and retracts the mandible
Assists in rotation

Elevates the mandible closing the mouth and also retracts the mandible pulling the jaw posteriorly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where is the temporalis muscle found

A

Originates from the temporal fossa and condenses into a tendon which inserts onto the coronoid process of the mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what are the functions of the lateral pterygoid muscle

A

Positions disc in closing (superior - SLP)
Protrudes and depresses mandible and causes lateral movement (inferior - ILP)

Unilateral action produces a side to side or lateral movement of the jaw

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

where does the superior head originate from

A

Superior head originates from the greater wing of the sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

where does the inferior head originate from

A

Inferior head originates from the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid

23
Q

where do the 2 heads of the lateral pterygoid muscle converge

A

The 2 heads converge into a tendon which attaches at the neck of the mandible

24
Q

what are the functions of the medial pterygoid muscle

A

Elevates the mandible

Lateral movement and protrusion

25
Q

where does the superficial head of the medial pterygoid muscle originate from

A

The superficial head originates from the maxillary tuberosity and the pyramidal process of the palatine bone

26
Q

where does the deep head of the medial pterygoid muscle originate from

A

The deep head originates from the medial aspect of the lateral pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone

27
Q

where do the heads of the medial pterygoid muscle attach to

A

Both heads attach to the ramus of the mandible near the angle of the mandible

28
Q

what are the functions of the masseter muscle

A

Elevates and protracts the mandible

Assists in lateral movement

29
Q

where do the superficial and deep parts of the masseter muscle originate from

A

Superficial part originates from the maxillary process of the zygomatic bone
The deep part originates from the zygomatic arch of the temporal bone

30
Q

what does the masseter muscle attach to

A

Both parts attach to the ramus of the mandible

31
Q

what are the 2 major types of mandibular movement in terms of occlusion

A
  • rotation

- translocation (lateral translation)

32
Q

what is rotation movement

A
  • Small amount of mouth opening (up to 20mm)
  • Condyle and disc remains within the articular fossa
  • No downwards or forwards movement
  • Also known as “hinge movement”
33
Q

what is the rest position of the TMJ

A

The resting position of the TMJ is with the mouth slightly open, lips together and the teeth not in contact
○ Resting vertical dimension
○ The space between the teeth is the free-way space

34
Q

what can be measured when the patients clench their teeth in a closed-pack position ie teeth are closely clenched

A

Occlusal vertical dimension

35
Q

what happens when the mouth is opened just a small amount (20mm)

A

When the mouth is opened just a small amount (20mm) the condyle hinges within the articular fossa
There is no downwards or forwards movement ~ no protrusion

36
Q

what are hinge movements

A

Rotation of the condylar heads around an imaginary horizontal line through the rotational centres of the condyles

The imaginary line is termed the terminal hinge axis

37
Q

what does a facebow record

A

Terminal hinge axis

Distance between the condyles

38
Q

what is a facebow

A

It allows a maxillary cast to be placed in an equivalent relationship on the articulator

39
Q

what does using a facebow allow for

A

a facebow is a caliper like instrument that records the relationship of the maxilla to the terminal hinge axis of rotation of the mandible

40
Q

what is translation

A
  • Lateral pterygoid contracts
  • Articular disc and condyle begin to move
  • Travels downwards and forwards along the incline of the articular eminence
  • May also travel laterally (laterotrusive movement)
41
Q

what does posselts envelope show

A

Extremes of mandibular movement

Border movements of the mandible in the Sagittal Plane

42
Q

what are the different points on posselts envelope

A 
ICP = Intercuspal Position
E = Edge to Edge
Pr = Protrusion
T = maximum opening
R = Retruded Axis Position
RCP = Retruded Contact Position
43
Q

what is ICP

A

Intercuspal Postion (ICP)
• Tooth position regardless of the condylar position
• The comfortable bite
• Best fit of teeth

= maximum interdigitation of the teeth

44
Q

what else can ICP be called

A

• Can be called centric occlusion (CO)

45
Q

what is edge to edge

A
  • Tooth position
  • Teeth slide forward from ICP guiding on palatal surfaces of anterior teeth
  • Incisal edges of upper and lower incisors touch
46
Q

what is protrusion

A
  • Condylar moves forwards and downwards on articular eminence
  • Only incisors + / - canines touch
  • No posterior tooth contacts
  • Eventually no tooth contacts
47
Q

what is maximum opening

A
  • No tooth contacts
  • Mouth wide open
  • Full translation of the condyle over the articular eminence
48
Q

what is the retruded axis position

A
  • No tooth contacts
  • Most superior anterior position of the condylar head in the fossa
  • Terminal hinge axis
49
Q

what is the retruded contact position

A
  • First tooth contact when the mandible is in retruded axis position
  • ICP is approximately 1mm anterior to RCP in 90% of the population
50
Q

what is the relation of the ICP to the RCP

A

ICP is approximately 1mm anterior to RCP in 90% of the population
RCP and ICP not coincident so the mandible slides forward to achieve ICP

51
Q

what is lateral translation

A

When the lateral pterygoid muscle on one side contracts the mandible moves to the opposite side

The bony wall of the glenoid fossa stops the working side condyle moving any further to the right

the side the mandible moves towards is the working side

the side the mandible is moving away from is the non-working side

eg When the mandible is moving to the right, the left condyle moves forward and inward
Whilst the condyle on the right will shift slightly in a lateroposterior direction (or rotate on a vertical axis)

52
Q

what is lateral translation of the mandible known as

A

This slight lateral translation of the mandible is known as the Bennet movement (bodily shift of the mandible at the working side)

53
Q

what is the bennet angle

A

The path of the non-working condyle in the horizontal plane during lateral excursion
The Bennet angle is the angle formed by the Sagittal plane and the path of the mandibular condyle during lateral movement when viewed in a horizontal plane

54
Q

what is the frontal plane

A

• ICP is maximum intercuspation
• PP is the physiological rest position with no tooth contacts
• Divets are a result of canine guidance
○ When the mandible is moving laterally the long strong canines of the upper and lower jaw ensure that the posterior teeth do not touch when the mandible is sliding to the side
○ This protects them from lateral forces and gives rise to the term a mutually protected occlusion

BDS3 - Operative Dentistry (7 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions