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Dental Anatomy Exam 4 > Occlusion > Flashcards

Occlusion Flashcards

1
Q

Occlusion

A

Contact between teeth; Relationship between the maxillary and mandibular teeth when they approach each other (Chewing or Rest)

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2
Q

Intercuspation

A

Cusp-to-Fossa relationship of the upper and lower posterior teeth to one another

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3
Q

Interdigitation

A

Interlocking or fitting together of the cusps of opposing teeth

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4
Q

Stability

A

Each tooth interdigitates with two opposing teeth

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5
Q

Interdigitation Distinctions

A

Interdigitation is most distinct in the anterior and premolar regions; Less distinct in the molar regions

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6
Q

Mandibular Interdigitation

A

Mandibular tooth interdigitates with same tooth in maxillary arch and tooth mesial to it

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7
Q

Maxillary Interdigitation

A

Maxillary tooth interdigitates with same tooth in mandibular arch and tooth distal to it

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8
Q

Exceptions to Interdigitation

A

Mandibular central incisors and Maxillary third molars interdigitate with only one opposing tooth

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9
Q

Centric Occlusion

A

Occlusion of opposing teeth when the mandible is in centric relation; May or may not coincide with maximum intercuspation (Tooth to Tooth)

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10
Q

Maximum Intercuspation

A

Occlusal portion of the mandible in which the cusps of the teeth of both arches fully interpose themselves with the cusps of the teeth of the opposing arch

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11
Q

Centric Occlusion-Buccal View

A

Maxillary buccal cusps are in line with opposing buccal embrasure and developmental grooves

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12
Q

Centric Occlusion-Lingual View

A

Mandibular lingual cusps are in line with opposing lingual embrasures and developmental grooves

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13
Q

Centric Relation

A

Maxillomandibular relationship in which condyles articulate with thinnest avascular portion of their respective disks with the complex in anterior-superior position against the shapes (posterior slopes) of the articular eminences (with disks properly interposed); Independent of tooth contact (Bone to Disk to Bone)

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14
Q

Centric Relation Discernible Position

A

Clinically discernible when mandible is directed superior and anteriorly; Restricted to a purely rotary movement about the transverse horizontal axis

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15
Q

Centric Stop

A

Opposing cuspal/fossae contacts that maintain the occlusal vertical dimension between the opposing arches

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16
Q

Centric Stops

A

Cusp-Marginal Ride
Cusp-Fossa
Cusp-Occlusal Embrasure

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17
Q

Line of the Central Groove

A

Rolling in of the outer inclines of the supporting cusps places them under/over the line of the central groove of the opposing arch

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18
Q

“Closure Stoppers”

A

Posterior teeth

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19
Q

Posterior Occlusion-Passive

A

Only excursive contacts should be on anterior teeth

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20
Q

Mutually Protected Occlusion

A

Posterior teeth protect the anterior teeth in CO and help prevent excess loading to the TMJ’s; In protrusive movement the incisors protect the canines and posterior teeth; In lateral excursions the canines protect the incisors and posterior teeth

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21
Q

Supporting Cusps

A

Contact opposing centric stops and do most of the grinding during mastication; Maxillary-Lingual cusps; Mandibular-Buccal cusps

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22
Q

Non-Supporting Cusps

A

Overlap supporting cusps-0.5 to 1.0mm space in centric occlusion between the supporting and non-supporting cusps; Maxillary-Buccal cusps; Mandibular-Lingual cusps

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23
Q

Protection of Soft Tissues

A

Non-Supporting Cusps:
Maxillary buccal cusps overlap opposing mandibular buccal cusps (Cheeks out of way during mastication); Mandibular lingual cusps overlap opposing maxillary lingual cusps (Tongue out of way during mastication)

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24
Q

Anterior Guidance

A

Functional relationships of maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth during excursive movements

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25
Q

Posterior Disclusion

A

Anterior guidance protects posterior teeth

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26
Q

Greatest Anterior Guidance Effects

A

Premolar region

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27
Q

Greatest Condylar Guidance Effects

A

Molar region

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28
Q

Prevention of Excessive Range of Motion

A

Anterior Guidance; Protects TMJ’s by limiting excursive movements

29
Q

Anterior Teeth Protection in Anterior Guidance

A

Protected during excursive movements by distance from temporomandibular joints (Forces close to the joints are much greater)

30
Q

Canine Guidance/Cuspid Rise/Canine Protected Articulation

A

Form of mutually protected articulation in which vertical and horizontal overlap of canine teeth disengage posterior teeth in excursive movements of the mandible

31
Q

True Friend to Restorative Dentist

A

Cuspid Rise- Helps prevent working and balancing interferences

32
Q

Canine Eminence

A

Thick facial plates of bone that provide additional protection from the forces on the canines

33
Q

Longest Roots in mouth

A

Canines

34
Q

During lateral excursion, only teeth to touch on working side

A

Cuspid rise- Canines

35
Q

Group Function

A

Multiple contact relations between maxillary and mandibular teeth in lateral movements on the working side whereby simultaneous contact of several teeth acts as a group to distribute occlusal forces (Outer inclines of mandibular buccal cusps contact inner inclines of maxillary buccal cusps)

36
Q

During a lateral excursion, on working side

A

Buccal cusps contact along with the canines

37
Q

Patient with group function

A

Restorative dentist may need to give special consideration to condylar guidance; Use of protrusive and lateral records to set superior walls may not be adequate for setting condylar guidance on articulator

38
Q

Group Function- Occlusal Scheme

A

Large restorative cases with group function, some clinicians want no working contacts on distobuccal cusps of first molars and buccal cusps on second molars

39
Q

Steering wheel of Occlusion

A

Anterior teeth

40
Q

Rotation

A

In initial phase of opening from centric relation, condyles hinge or rotate about fixed axis

41
Q

Hinge Axis

A

Axis runs through each condyle, Can be determined and recorded for diagnostic and restorative purposes

42
Q

Posselt’s Diagram, Hinge opening

A

B-CR, Hinge or rotary opening occurs for first inch or 20-25mm from centric relation

43
Q

Translation

A

During translatory opening, condyles translate or slide down and forward on articular eminences; May slide over the crests of articulator eminences at maximum opening

44
Q

Posselt’s Diagram, Translation

A

B-E, Translation of condyles normally continues until there has been 40-60mm total opening

45
Q

Right Lateral Excursion Working/Non-Working

A

Working side: right

Non-working/Balancing side: left

46
Q

Molar Relationships-Working Side

A

On working side, mesiolingual cusps of maxillary molars track out the lingual grooves of mandibular molars; distobuccal cusps of mandibular molars track out buccal grooves of maxillary molars

47
Q

Molar Relationships- Non-Working Side

A

On nonworking side, mesio-lingual cusp of maxillary first molar tracks over disto-buccal groove of mandibular first molar; Cusp tracks in disto-buccal direction

48
Q

Working Position

A

Mesiodistal position of non-supporting cusps accommodates working movements; These cusps aligned with opposing embrasures and developmental grooves in working position

49
Q

Left Lateral Excursion- Orbiting/Rotating Condyle

A

Left Lateral Excursion: Right condyle = Orbiting condyle, Left condyle = Rotating condyle

50
Q

Orbiting Condyle

A

Moves downward, forward and medially; Condyle on non-working or balancing side

51
Q

Rotating Condyle

A

Moves laterally, may move forward or backward and upward or downward; Condyle on working side

52
Q

Protrusive Movement

A

Condyles slide forward and downward on articular eminences; Mandibular incisal edges are sliding down the lingual surfaces of the maxillary incisors

53
Q

Condylar Guidance

A

Functional relation of the hard and soft tissues of the temporomandibular joints which controls mandibular movements

54
Q

Articulator Eminence VS. Cusps

A

The flatter the articulator eminence, the shorter the cusps; The steeper the articulator eminence, the taller the cusps

55
Q

Anterior Guidance VS. Condylar Guidance

A

Anterior Guidance should be equal to or greater than Condylar Guidance; this keeps the condyles working against posterior slopes of articular eminences during excursive movements; Distraction of condyles due to CR or excursive interferences can be harmful to temporomandibular joints

56
Q

Determinants of Occlusion

A

Right and left temporomandibular joints, occlusion of permanent dentition and neuromusculature; Anterior teeth=Active determinants, Posterior teeth=Passive determinants

57
Q

Physiologic Rest Position/Postural Rest Position/Clinical Rest Position

A

Postural position of the mandible when the head is in an upright position and the associated muscles are in a state of minimal contraction

58
Q

Freeway Space

A

Distance between the occluding surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular teeth when the mandible is in the physiologic rest position; Normal amount of free way space in dentulous dentition is 2-4mm

59
Q

Malocclusion

A

Any deviation from a physiologically acceptable contact between the opposing dental arches

60
Q

Occlusal Prematurity

A

Any contact of opposing teeth that occurs before planned intercuspation

61
Q

Primary Occlusal Traumatism

A

Abnormal forces on normal supporting structures; When prematurities and interferences are removed, tooth can stabilize in several days

62
Q

Fremitus

A

Functional mobility

63
Q

Number one sign of Occlusal Traumatism

A

Mobility

64
Q

Premature Contact

A

Signaled to brain; Brain instructs muscles of mastication to bring teeth into “new” maximum intercuspation

65
Q

Occlusal Interference

A

Any tooth contact that inhibits remaining occluding surfaces from achieving stable and harmonious contacts; An occlusal contact that disrupts the smooth excursive movements of teeth against each other; Presence of occlusal interference can result in disclusion of anterior guidance

66
Q

Occlusal Adjustment

A
  1. any change in occlusion intended to alter occluding relation 2. any alteration of occluding surfaces of teeth or restorations
67
Q

Articulator

A

A mechanical instrument that represents temperomandibular joints and jaws, to which maxillary and mandibular casts may be attached to stimulate oralmandibularmovements

68
Q

Facebows

A

Relate maxilla to an arbitrary hinge axis; If dentist is going to alter vertical dimension, may be necessary to use kinematic facebow to record true hinge axis

Dental Anatomy Exam 4 (1 decks)

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