Occlusion 2 Flashcards
What are the two ways of examining the occlusion
dynamic
static
How can we mark tooth contacts
using millers forceps and fine articulating paper
When do we mark tooth contacts
before prepping a tooth
before removing a restoration
after placement of a crown
after placement of a restoration
What are tripodised contacts
show were the opposing cusps contact (ICP stops)
What can be accessed in the static occlusion
incisor relationship molar relationship overjet/overbite cross bites open bites individual tooth contacts RCP-ICP slide (freedom in centric)
What are the functional cusps
these are the cusps that occlude with the opposing teeth in the intercostal position
palatal cusps of upper posteriors
buccal cusps of lower posteriors
What are the non functional cusps
cusps that do not occlude with the opposing teeth in ICP
buccal cusps of the upper posterior teeth
lingual cusps of the lower posterior teeth
What is a fossa
it is a depression or concavity on a tooth surface
What are the ICP contacts
lingual cusps of an upper molar contacts the fossa of a lower molar
buccal cusps of a lower molar contacts the fossa of an upper molar
What is class I angles classification
normal
incised edge into cingulum
What is class II div 1 angles classification
overjet increased
What is class II div 2 angles classification
overbite increased
What is class III angles classification
reverse overjet
What is an overbite
vertical overlap of the incisors
What is an overate
relationship between upper and lower teeth in a horizontal plane
What is a cross bite
conditions where 1 or more teeth may be abnormally malpositioned buccal or lingually or labially with reference to opposing teeth
What is an anterior open bite
lack of vertical overlap in anterior teeth when posterior teeth in full occlusion
What is a posterior/lateral open bite
failure of contact between the posterior teeth when teeth are in full occlusion
What is canine guidance
when mandible moves to the working side the only contact is between canines
no posterior tooth contacts
this is a mutually protected occlusion
What is the gold standard occlusion
mutually protect occlusion
What is a mutually protected occlusion
canine guidance
posterior disclusion in lateral excursions
no non-working/working side contacts
no protrusive interferences
What is group function
mandible moves to working side
multiple teeth in contact on the left
bilateral group function frequently seen in tooth wear
What is protrusion
condyle moves forward and downwards on articular eminence
only incisors +/- canines touch
no posterior tooth contacts
What are types of occlusal interferences
working side
non working side
protrusive
What is a working side contact
similar cusps contact
What is a non working side contact
dissimilar cusps contact
What is a protrusive interference
any posterior contact during protrusion
Why avoid posterior contacts
they are designed to absorb heavy forces in the direction of the long axis of the tooth
not designed to absorb significant lateral forces generated by occlusal interferences
muscles get less rest so become painful
What are the two types of bruxism
eccentric
centric
What is eccentric bruxism
parafunctional grinding of teeth
an oral habit consisting of involuntary rhythmic or spasmodic or functional gnashing, grinding, clenching of teeth in other than chewing movements of the mandible which may lead to occlusal trauma
What is centric bruxism
clenching: pressing and clamping of the jaws and teeth together
frequently associated with acute nervous tension or physical effort
What are clinical signs
tooth wear fractured restorations tooth migration tooth mobility (often in absence of periodontal disease) muscle pain and fatigue headache earache pain and stiffness in the TMj and surrounding muscles
What are the types of tooth wear
multifactorial abrasion attrition erosion abrfraction
What is occlusal trauma
injuring resulting in tissue changes within the attachment apparatus, including the PDL, supporting alveolar bone and cementum as a result of occlusal forces
What is primary occlusal trauma
intact periodontium
What is the secondary occlusal trauma
reduced periodontium
What is fremitus
palpable or visible movement of a tooth when subjected to the occlusal forces
What is an examination checklist
incision relationship guidance overjet/overbite ICP contacts working/non working pathology
