occlusal problems in the mixed dentition Flashcards
define occlusal problems
any disruption in the way the tooth forms or erupts
give examples of abnormalities in tooth formation?
-dilaceration
-supernumeraries
-peg shaped incisors
-hypodontia
what causes crown root dilaceration?
usually trauma in the deciduous dentition- which displaces unerupted permanent crown/root which continues forming in a different direction forming a bend in the root
where do you most commonly see dilacerations of crown and root?
upper central/lateral incisors
what is a good indication of dilaceration of crown root?
-delayed eruption
what are supernumerary teeth?
additional teeth
what are supplemental supernumerary teeth?
teeth that resemble adjacent teeth- most common, 2s, premolars, 8s
what other supernumeraries may arise?
conical/tubercular supernumaries- tooth material but do not resemble normal tooth
what do supernumaries often cause?
crowding- not enough space
what can supernumaries cause?
-delayed/impeded eruption of permanent teeth
-delayed exfoliation of deciduous teeth
-cause impacted permanent teeth
what is the advantage of erupted supernumaries?
they can be extracted
what arch do supernumaries most commonly erupt in?
-maxilla
what are supernumaries in the maxilla midline called?
mesiodens
what is the management for supernumaries?
extraction if E or surgical removal if UE
where do peg incisors most commonly affect?
-upper lateral incisors
what issues do peg incisors cause?
-spacing
-aesthetic issues
what may lead to peg incisors ?
hypodontia
what do peg incisors increase the risk of?
-ectopic canines as it is thought that lateral incisor root guides eruption of canine as peg incisors have often have small thin roots- so canine eruption should be monitored
how are peg laterals treated?
-shaped with composite resin
-extracted and replaced with prosthetics when growth has ceased to allow formation of alveolar bone
when is hypodontia more commonly seen?
perm dentition
when can hypodontia occur?
-if primary predecessor is absent
-even if primary predecessor is present
how does hypodontia typically represent?
-delayed exfoliation of DT
-delayed eruption of PT
how is hypodontia confirmed?
radiographs
what are abnormalities in eruption/exfoliation of teeth?
-neonatal teeth
-eruption cyst
-impacted teeth
-infra-occluded deciduous teeth
-retained decidious teeth
-crossbite
