OCC Flashcards
omsim
views communication as one way process
linear model
introduced the concept of noise in communication
shannon and weaver
is the one who sends the message accurately to the receiver
sender
refers to the idea or information being sent by the sender to the receiver
message
the ability to speak, write, listen carefully
communication skills
the way the sender/receiver perceives himself/herself and the receiver of the message
attitude
how much the sender knows about the subject of the message
knowledge
the factors governed by the sender’s religion, beliefs, values and other social factors
social systems
the set of values, belief system shared by people in a community
culture
the substance of the message
content
the non verbal aspects of the message such as hand gestures, facial expressions, language, etc
elements
the way the message was delivered
treatment
the arrangement or organization of the message
structure
the form of the message
code
the medium used to transmit the message
channel
refers to the person who gets the message
receiver
model that states the receiver or listener is providing feedback
interactive model
states that each person in the communication is a receiver and a sender
transactional model
means that a person both sends and receives messages simultaneously
sender-receiver
refers to the content of communication which one seeks to share
message
the pathway through which a message is transmitted
channel
is the response of the receiver
feedback
refers to the internal and external factors affecting the communication process
setting or environment
is anything that blocks or interferes with the meaning of a particular message
noise
the noise generated by the environment such as passerby simultaneously talking while you are in a deep conversation with your teacher
environmental noise
refers to physical abnormalities the prevent a message from being transmitted accurately
physiological noise
refers to how the message is interpreted by the receiver, depending on the cultural or linguistic background
semantic noise
is about the mistakes in grammar, such as abrupt changes in verb tense in a sentence
syntactic noise
noise which refers to how the message is arranged
organizational noise
refers to the misunderstanding as a result of cultural differences
cultural noise
noise which refers to the attitude of either the speaker or the listener towards one another
psychological noise
the study of sounds
phonology
requires that we focus on distinctive sounds or signals that form a word so that we can arrive at word meaning
phonological meaning
relating to meaning or arising of distinctions between the meanings of different words of symbols
semantic meaning
words with similar sounds but the differ in meaning
homonyms
words with similar spelling but have different pronunciations and different meanings
heteronyms
a morpheme that is added to a root word to form a new word
affixes
a morpheme which when added to a root word changes its meaning
derivational affix
a morpheme which when added to a root word does not change its meaning
inflectional affix
consist of two words that are joined together to create a new word with a new meaning
compound words
the sequence or arrangement of words in a sentence helps us to make meaning
syntactic meaning
refers to the meaning of utterances in particular situations
pragmatic meaning
deals with physical movement, sometimes called affective displays (simplistically called body language
)
kinesics
are body movements that emphasize one’s intended meaning conveyed verbally
gestures
help clarify a meaning of a verbal message
descriptive gestures
emphasize the meaning of what is being said
emphatic gestures
refer to symbols of ideas and emotions
suggestive gestures
are used to elicit a desired response from the listeners
prompting gestures
the study of communication by touch
haptics
the study of paralanguage
vocalics
refers to the study of how space and distance influence communication
proxemics
deals with how time is used as an element of communication
chronemics
assumed by a public speaker or performer (distance of 12 ft or more)
public space
when a person communicates with their office mates which they are not close with (distance 4 - 12 ft)
social space
the communication takes place within this space is informal and it usually involves close friends (distance 1.5 - 4 ft)
personal space
used in interpersonal communication among family members, lovers, and best friends (distance 0 - 1.5 ft)
intimate space
physical objects that we can use for communication purposes
artifacts
is the absence of sounds
silence
five strategies to avoid miscommunication
- never assume that your message is sent clearly
- avoid unexplained silence
