Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA)

Question 1

Describe the pathophysiology of obstructive sleep apnoea

Answer 1

Collapse of the pharyngeal airway during sleep, causing episodes of apnoea

Question 2

What is the scoring tool for obstructive sleep apnoea

Give 2 additional risk factors for OSA (not included in this scoring tool)

Answer 2

STOPBANG

• Snoring
• Tiredness (daytime)
• Observed apnoea
• Pressure (BP)
• BMI
• Age
• Neck circumference
• Gender (male)

Additional risk factors:

• Alcohol
• Smoking

Question 3

Patients with OSA commonly experience daytime somnolence. Which scoring tool can be used to assess this symptom?

Answer 3

Epworth Sleepiness Scale

Question 4

Describe the investigation of obstructive sleep apnoea

Answer 4

Referral to ENT/specialist sleep clinic to perform sleep studies

Question 5

Describe the management of obstructive sleep apnoea

Answer 5

• Correct reversible risk factors, e.g. lose weight, cut down alcohol, stop smoking
• CPAP
• Surgery, e.g. uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP)