Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Question 1

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA)

Answer 1

recurrent episodes of narrowing or collapse of pharyngeal airway during sleep despite ongoing breathing efforts

Question 2

Apnea

Answer 2

cessation of airflow >10 seconds

Question 3

Hypopnea

Answer 3

decreased airflow >10 seconds

Question 4

Effecs of OSA

Answer 4

excessive daytime somnolence, impaired cognitive performance, poor QOL, increased risk of MVA, adverse cardiovascular outcomes, pulmonary htn, DM/ metabolic syndrome?

Question 5

OSA risk factors

Answer 5

Obesity, age, sex (male), race, craniofacial anatomy, smoking, ETOH consumption

Question 6

Strongest risk factor for OSA

Answer 6

Obesity

Question 7

Gold standard for OSA diagnosis

Answer 7

Overnight polysomnogram

Question 8

Nocturnal symptoms of OSA

Answer 8

Snoring (#1), witnessed apneas, nocturnal choking/gasping, insomnia

Question 9

Treatment of OSA

Answer 9

Behavioral Methods (weight loss, avoid alcohol and sedatives, avoid sleep deprivation, avoid supine position, stop smoking), CPAP, Bi-PAP, EPAP and surgery

Question 10

Pharm therapy for OSA

Answer 10

None. Modafinil (Provigil) is approved to treat daytime sleepiness though.