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Obstetrics and Gynaecology (J) > Obstetrics > Flashcards

Obstetrics Flashcards

1
Q

Stretch marks on abdomen

A

Striae gravidarum

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2
Q

Butterfly pigmentation of the face (mask of pregnancy)

A

Chloasma gravidarum

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3
Q

Glycosuria

A

Physiological in up to 50% of pregnancies

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4
Q

Nitrates positive during pregnancy

A

Start antibiotics (if only leukocytes are positive send for further urinalysis before starting treatment)

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5
Q

Hepatitis B positive mother

A

Vaccinate baby at birth and consider IM immunoglobulin

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6
Q

Major teratogenic drugs

A 
ACEIs
Retinoids
Sodium valproate
Methotrexate
Trimethoprim
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7
Q

CTG

A

Cardiotocography - records fetal heartbeat and uterine contractions

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8
Q

FHR

A

Fetal heart rate
Bradycardia - less than 110 bpm
Tachycardia - more than 160 bpm

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9
Q

SFH

A

Symphysis fundal height

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10
Q

Stages of labour

A

Stage 1 - begins when the cervix begins to dilate and ends with full dilation to around 10 cm
—Latent phase - onset of painful contractions to around 3 cm dilation (contractions may be less intense and less frequent)
—Active phase - quicker rate of dilation and greater intensity of contractions
Stage 2 - full dilation to delivery of the fetus (strong contractions every 2-3 minutes)
Stage 3 - delivery of the placenta

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11
Q

Normal position of the fetal head during descent

A

Occiput Transverse Position

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12
Q

9.5 cm fetal head diameter enabled by flexion of the head

A

Occipitobregmatic - lowest posterior point of occipital bone to anterior fontanel

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13
Q

Biparietal fetal head diameter

A

9.5 cm

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14
Q

Fetal station

A

Relationship between the presenting part of the fetus and the ischial spines

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15
Q

Maternal pyrexia

A
  1. 0 degrees Celcius once

37. 5 degrees Celcius twice, 2 hours apart

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16
Q

Normal time for spontaneous onset of labour

A

Any time after 37 weeks

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17
Q

Abnormal labour timescales

A

Before 37 weeks gestation (pre-term)

After 42 weeks gestation (post-mature)

18
Q

Position that often leads to a prolonged labour

A

Occipitoposterior

19
Q

Malpresentations

A
  • Brow presentation (rare)
  • Face presentation (1 in 500 deliveries)
  • Shoulder presentation (very rare, transverse lie)
  • Compound presentation (when a hand or foot is present along with the presenting part)
  • Breech presentation
20
Q

Horizontal incision made along the suprapubic crease in a lower segment caesarean section

A

Pfannenstiel incision

21
Q

Two types of C-section

A

Classical and lower segment

22
Q

Two types of vaginal assisted delivery

A

Forceps and ventouse

23
Q

Most common drugs used with an epidural

A

Bupivucaine (local anaesthetic)

Fentanyl (opiate)

24
Q

Define attitude

A

The relationship of fetal head to spine (e.g. flexed, neutral, extended)

25
Q

EDD

A

40 weeks from first day of LMP

26
Q

ARM

A

Artificial rupture of the membranes

27
Q

Most common position of the uterus

A

Anteverted and anteflexed

28
Q

PIH

A

Preganacy induced hypertension

29
Q

Common site of headache for pre-eclampsia

A

Frontal

30
Q

Pre-eclampsia core symptoms

A

Headache
Epigastric pain
Visual disturbance
Swelling

31
Q 
Dr
C
Br
A
Va
D
O
A 
Define risk
Contractions
Baseline rate
Accelerations
Variability
Decelerations
Overall
32
Q

CTG accelerations

A

Defined as an increase in FHR of >15 bpm for >15 seconds

33
Q

Other name for obstetric cholestasis

A

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy

34
Q

Lower-segment caesarean section scar

A

Pfannenstiel scar

35
Q

Combined test for Down’s syndrome screening

A

10-13 weeks

  • US fetal neck (nuchal translucency)
  • PAPP-A
  • Beta hCG
36
Q

Test to measure the degree of transfer of fetal haemoglobin to a mothers bloodstream, usually in Rh-negative mothers

A

Kleihauer test (or KB test)

37
Q

Gestation prior to which steroids must be given pre-delivery to reduce the risk of neonatal respiratory distress syndrome

A

34 weeks

38
Q

Quadruple test for Down’s syndrome screening

A 
16-19 weeks
Unconjugated oestradiol
hCG
AFP
Inhibin A
39
Q

Injury to the upper nerves of the brachial plexus (C5-C6), often caused by shoulder dystocia and causing a pronated forearm in the ‘waiter’s tip’ position

A

Erb’s palsy

40
Q

Injury to the lower roots of the brachial plexus (C8-T1), causing a ‘claw hand’ and supinated forearm

A

Klumpke’s palsy

Obstetrics and Gynaecology (J) (2 decks)

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