Observations Flashcards by Shellonda A

What is the most important component in the observation of the spirit?

Eye movement

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What does purplish sclera indicate?

Liver Wind

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When the eye’s sclera is unclear, what does it indicate?

(which pathogen/evil)

Dampness

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What does the eye reflect?

(The state of…)

The state of Spirit and Essence

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Hair that suddenly falls out in big clumps/patches is due to:

Blood deficiency with wind attack

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Kidney essence exhaustion can cause which of the following?
a. Exophthalmus
b. playcoria (dilation of the pupils)
c. Sunken eyes
d. Eyelid twitching

b. Platycoria (dilation of the pupils)

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Which of the following can cause eyelid twitching?
a. Spleen deficiency with dampness
b. Heart fire
c. Qi and blood deficiency
d. Kidney yin deficiency

c. Qi and blood deficiency

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The condition of children sleeping with their eyes slightly open is due to which of the following?
a. Spleen deficiency with qi and blood insufficiency
b. Kidney deficiency with yin exhaustion
c. Liver wind
d. Excessive heat in the Liver channel

a. Spleen deficiency with qi and blood insufficiency

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Definition of Inspection of Spirit

Inspection of spirit means to observe whether the patient’s mental state is normal, whether the consciousness is clear, the movements harmonious, and whether reactions are timid in order to determine whether there is a state of excess or deficiency in the zàng fû organs, yin, yang, qi and blood; and the prognosis of disease

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A withered and parched helix is due to which of the following?
a. Fire flaming up form the shao yang channel
b. Insufficiency of Kidney essence and Kidney yin
c. Bloood stagnaiton in the shao yin channel
d. Spleen deficiency

b. Insufficiency of Kidney essence and Kidney yin

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A green or blue tip of the nose indicates which of the following?
a. blood deficiency
b. abdominal pain
c. damp heat
d. exterior wind cold

b. abdominal pain

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Which of the following symptoms can be observed when excessive heat accumulates in the Lung?

d. Nostrils flaring

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Which of the following can cause involuntary drooling?
a. excess heat in the lung
b. Insufficiency of Kidney essence and Kidney yin
c. spleen qi deficiency with excessive dampness
d. kidney qi deficiency

c. Spleen qi deficiency with excessive dampness

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Complexion signs of loss of Spirit

dim hues and dull sheen

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Complexion signs of False Spirit

dull sheen with sudden flushed cheeks

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Eye signs of loss of Spirit

dull colors with blurred vision

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Eye signs of False Spirit

dull colors but suddenly lustrous

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Mental Status signs of loss of Spirit

unconsciousness or delirium

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Mental Status signs of False Spirit

unclear consciousness with a sudden change for the better

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Motion and Response signs of loss of Spirit

slow movements and responses

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Motion and Response signs of False Spirit

suddenly responsive

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Respiration signs of loss of Spirit

rapid, feeble, or with difficulty

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Respiration signs of False Spirit

feeble, but suddenly strengthening

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Diet signs of loss of Spirit

poor diet

Diet signs of False Spirit

poor, but suddenly improving

# Face and Zang Fu Organ What is the guest complexion color?

The seasonal changes in color

What is the guest complexion for each of the following seasons? Spring Summer Late Summer Autumn Winter

Spring : blue-green Summer : red Late Summer : yellow Autumn : white (pale) Winter : black (dark)

What are examples of transient normal complexion?

Changes in complexion due to different working conditions, climates, living environments, diet, sexual activity and emotions

What is the host complexion?

**The color from time of birth.** The normal facial skin color that remains unchanged during life

A blue-green complexion indicates what disorder/pathogen/evil?

wind, cold, pain, blood stasis

A red complexion indicates what disorder/pathogen/evil?

excess **heat**, (floating) yang, def. heat/yin deficiency

A yellow complexion indicates what disorder/pathogen/evil?

damp, Spleen deficiency, jaundice

A pale complexion indicates what disorder/pathogen/evil?

deficiency **cold**/yang deficiency, **qi & blood deficiency**

A dark complexion indicates what disorder/pathogen/evil?

**cold**, water, **kidney** deficiency (water), phlegm damp, **blood stasis**

According to Basic Questions which organ corresponds to the following location on the face? 1. forehead 2. right cheek 3. left cheek 4. nose 5. chin

1. forehead - heart 2. right cheek - lung 3. left cheek - liver 4. nose - spleen 5. chin - kidney

In a pathological/ morbid complexion, what does sheen reflect?

Sheen/ luster or lack thereof determines the condition (full/exhausted) of the **essence** and the **state of the spirit** (having/ lacking spirit)

What does abnormal sheen indicate?

Essence exhausted, spirit less (lack of shen), death and poor prognosis

What is the origin of the guest complexion in the spring season?

The channels

In the broad sense, what is the manifestation of spirit?

Describes the total external manifestaion of vital activities which reflect the functions of the viscera.

In the narrow sense, what is the manifestation of spirit?

Describes mental activities including consciousness and cognitive activities.

Transformation: From having to lack: worse

Having Spirit

Transformation: From lack to having : better

Lack of Spirit

What four components of observation are included in eye inspection?

eye spirit eye color eye shape eye bearing

What is spirit disturbance?

Psychological and emotional disorder due to various etiology and pathology

What is the indication of fatigue spirit?

Deficiency syndrome

Which Zang Fu organ dominates the blood vessels?

The Heart

Where is the luster of the heart reflected?

On the face

What is facial color associated with?

Blood and yin

What is facial sheen associated with?

Qi and Yang

# Quality of abnormal color| indication Location: Deep (color hidden inside skin) vs. Floating (color visible superficially)

Deep: internal pattern Floating: exterior pattern

# Quality of abnormal color| indication Brightness: Bright (color is clear & distinct) vs. Dull (color is dark & dim)

Bright: yang pattern Dull: yin pattern

# Quality of abnormal color| indication Thickness: **thin** (faint-- color is shallow and light) vs. **thick** (extreme-- color is deep and thick)

Thin: qi dificiency Thick: excess pattern

# Quality of abnormal color | indication Concentration: **scattered** (color is dispersed or scanty) vs. **concentrated** (accumulated color)

Scattered: new or mild disease Concentrated: enduring or serious disease

# Eye and Channels Relationship Inner and outer canthus corresponds to... | Which zàng fû organs

**Heart**/ Small Intestine | Blood Wheel

# Eye and Channels Relationship Sclera corresponds to... | Which zàng fûorgans

**Lung**/ Large Intestine | Qi Wheel

# Eye and Channels Relationship Iris corresponds to... | Which zàng fû organs

**Liver**/ Gallbladder | Wind Wheel

# Eye and Channels Relationship Pupil corresponds to... | Which zàng fûorgans

**Kidney**/ Urinary Bladder | Water Wheel

# Eye and Channels Relationship Eyelids and surrounding muscle corresponds to... | Which zàng fûorgans

**Spleen**/ Stomach | Flesh Wheel

Yellow on the sclera that may extend to the iris and pupil indicates...

Jaudice, dampness

Red on the inner or outer canthus sclera (or may appear on entire eye) indicates...

Heat

Blue-green on the sclera or iris indicates...

Wind, cold, pain

White on the inner or outer canthus, the iris or pupil indicates...

Deficiency

Black on the sclera indicates...

water, deficiency

Exophthalmia (bulging eye) indicates...

Excess, stagnation

Sunken eyes indicate...

Deficiency

Swollen eyes indicates...

Dampness/ water retention

Stabismus (the eye cannot look straight or deviates to one side or the other) indicates...

Liver wind or obstruction

Eyelid spasms indicate...

Wind or blood xu

Eye drop or difficulty keeping the eye open completely indicates...

Qi sinking or obstruction

Myosis or pupil constricted (< 2mm) indicates...

Poison herb mushrooms

# Nasal Discharge Bleeding from the nose indicates...

Heat injury in the LU and ST

# Nasal Discharge Clear and thin nasal discharge indicates...

Wind cold attack

# Nasal Discharge Yellow and turbid nasal discharge indicates...

Wind heat attack

Infant finger examination is a diagnostic method used for children aged...

For children age under 3 years old

For infant finger diagnosis, which side is for boys and which is for girls?

Usually right for girls and left for boys

What are the three manifestations of lack of spirit?

Loss of Spirit False Spirit Spirit Disturbance

In summary having spirit means...

Sufficient essence, mild illness and good prognosis

Which organ governs the nose?

**The Spleen** (Nose is center of face, analogous with middle burner and **earth** )

Swollen nose indicates...

Excess condition

Sunken nose indicates...

Deficiency condition Insufficient antipathogenic qi

Nasal Polyp indicates...

Stagnated heat in yang ming channel

Ulcerous and sunken nasal septum indicates....

Syphilis

Sunken nasal septum with loss of eyebrows indicates...

Leprosy

Flaring nostrils with high fever indicates...

Wind heat or phlegm heat accumulation in the Lung, or asthma

Flaring nostrils during critical stage of illness indicates...

Lung failure

Teeth are the surplus of...

Bone and bone is governed by the Kidney

Inspection of teeth and gums contribute to understanding of which organs?

Kidney, Stomach and Intestinal Disorder (Yang Ming)

Yellow or white pus discharge from the ear indicates...

Kidney yin def fire with damp heat in the Liver and Gallbladder channels

Dry helix (ear) with scales indicates...

Blood stasis

Bloody discharge from the ears indicates...

Heat in the blood

Hair is the surplus of...

Blood (and the external manifestation of Kidney qi)

Skin is the external manifestation of...

Qi and blood

Edema that starts from **face or upper part** of the body, then gradually involves entire body indicates...

Yang edema (yang rules upper body)

Edema that starts from **feet or lower limbs**, then involves entire body, but lower part is more severe...

Yin Edema

Distention (of skin) indicates...

Qi stagnation or dampness in the middle burner

The original color of the hair indicates...

Sufficient blood and Kidney essence

Hair thinning or falling out is due to...

Blood deficiency

Premature graying of the hair indicates...

Deficiency of Kidney essence