Objective Test 1 Flashcards
True or False
Massive immigration aided America’s economic boom by providing plenty of cheap labor.
True
True or False
Many, particularly farmers, hoped to aid a shortage of currency by including silver in the backing of the dollar.
True
True or False
In Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that a corporation was considered a person
False
True or False
Most Americans favored building the transcontinental railroad with federal help
True
True or False
The text contends that the growth of railroads aided American industrialization more than any other single factor.
True
Mark Twain wrote a novel that depicted some of the political corruption of the era; the novel’s title has become a common label for this era, the
A. Cold War
B. Steel Era
C. Gilded Age
D. Age of Antipathy
C. Gilded Age
The politicians who benefited from “waving the bloody shirt” were members of this party:
A. Democrat
B. Populist
C. Greenback
D. Republican
D. Republican
The two Grant Administrations were most marked by/noted for:
A. Advancing Reconstruction
B. Rampant corruption
C. Passing the 15th Amendment
D. Grant’s Vice-President, Horace Greeley
B. Rampant corruption
The “father of political cartooning,” known for using cartoons to mock important figures in “machine politics” in the Gilded Age was
A. Thomas Nast
B. “Boss” Tweed
C. James G. Blaine
D. William Belknap
E. Calvin N. Hobbes
A. Thomas Nast
Tammany Hall was the center of the political “machine” run by
A. Thomas Nast
B. “Boss” Tweed
C. Horace Greeley
D. William Belknap
B. “Boss” Tweed
The 1876 Presidential election was most notable because it proved to be a
A. Runaway victory for Democrats
B. Turning point in achieving political reform
C. Runaway victory for Grant
D. Turning point for Reconstruction
D. Turning point for Reconstruction
The major controversy of the 1876 Presidential election centered on
A. Who would be the next Speaker of the House
B. Election returns from southern states
C. Grant’s try for a third term
D. Tilden’s controversial plan to annex Cuba
B. Election returns from southern states
The group most affected by the 1876 election and its results was
A. Freedmen in the South
B. Farmers in the West
C. Factory workers in the North
D. The Chinese in the West
A. Freedmen in the South
Which of the following was most likely to support “free silver?”
A. Western rancher
B. Southern businessman
C. Midwestern banker
D. Northern industrialist
A. Western rancher
Laws that established segregation were
A. Primarily in the South
B. Termed Jim Crow laws
C. Affirmed by Plessey v. Ferguson
D. All of these are true
D. All of these are true
Because both of the parties used this to ensure that they would stay in power, the text calls this the “lifeblood” of both major political parties in the 1800s:
A. Patronage
B. Graft
C. Interlocking directorates
D. Bread and Circuses
E. The trust
A. Patronage
Until early in the 20th century, the primary source of Federal revenue was the
A. Tariff
B. Income tax
C. Corporate tax
D. Whiskey tax
A. Tariff
The first official restriction on immigration was on immigrants from
A. Mexico
B. Ireland
C. Japan
D. Chicago
E. China
E. China
“Separate but equal” facilities for blacks and whites were endorsed by
A. Plessy v. Ferguson
B. The “Crime of ‘73”
C. Yick Wo v. Hopkins
D. Cruikshank v. US
A. Plessy v. Ferguson
When Arthur became President after Garfield’s assassination, most thought it unlikely that he would carry out political reform because Arthur:
A. Had pardoned Garfield’s assassin
B. Was prominent in the AF of L
C. Had benefited from the “spoils system” his whole career
D. He favored Jim Crow segregation
C. Had benefited from the “spoils system” his whole career
US v. Wong Kim Ark made a substantial change to rules for American citizenship. That change was that:
A. Someone born in the US was automatically a citizen
B. Asians could not become citizens
C. Asians could become citizens
D. Being a citizen of a state did not mean you were an American citizen
A. Someone born in the US was automatically a citizen
“Sharecropping” was a(n)
A. Important aim of the Liberal Republican Party and Horace Greeley
B. Way blacks remained economically beholden to whites in the South
C. Means of improving agricultural revenues for both blacks and whites in Southern society
D. Employed largely in the Northeast
B. Way blacks remained economically beholden to whites in the South
The late 1800s saw much worker/labor unrest in the US. In this era, Americans were most likely to see which of the following?
A. Federal troops used to break or stop strikes
B. Railroads accepting unionization of their workers
C. Banning Irish from immigrating to the US
D. Legislation favoring unions’ efforts
A. Federal troops used to break or stop strikes
Examining the Credit Mobilier scandal illustrates problems involving
A. Bureau of Indian Affairs payoffs
B. The alcohol industry
C. Congress’ support for building railroads
D. Jay Gould’s manipulating the price of gold
E. Bitcoin’s birth, due to JP Morgan
C. Congress’ support for building railroads
Its opponents proclaimed that the ____ Party was the political party of “Rum, Romanism, and Rebellion.”
A. Greenback
B. Populist
C. Republican
D. Democrat
D. Democrat
From 1860 until 1912, the ony Democrat elected President (twice) was:
A. Cleveland
B. McKinley
C. Garfield
D. Harrison
A. Cleveland
During this era, it would be most accurate to say that when it came to political and/or business reforms:
A. Many widely successful reforms were created.
B. Reforms were attempted, but they weren’t very successful.
C. There were no reforms attempted.
D. Reforms were moderately successful, but only in challenging Jim Crow legislation.
B. Reforms were attempted, but they weren’t very successful.
In the late 1800s, a “Redeemer” favored:
A. Government purchase of dollars with gold.
B. Government purchase of dollars with silver.
C. Restoration of white supremacy in the South.
D. Restoring the right of blacks to vote.
C. Restoration of white supremacy in the South.
Methods used to disenfranchise black voters included
A. Violence
B. Economic threats
C. Poll taxes
D. All of these
D. All of these
The national government helped finance the transcontinental railroad primarily with:
A. Military protection
B. Bingo nights at town halls
C. Reducing prices of iron and steel
D. Money produced from new taxes
E. Land grants
E. Land grants
Ways the railroads changed America included all but which of the following?
A. Moving people to cities
B. Speeding settlement of the West
C. Reducing immigration to the US
D. Standarizing time zones
C. Reducing immigration to the US
The railroads’ rationales for asking for federal funds to build the rails included all but which of the following?
A. Too costly without Federal support
B. Railroads would later pay higher taxes
C. Would be able to carry mail, soldiers, tying the country together better
D. Too risky without Federal support
B. Railroads would later pay higher taxes
Ethnic group that played a significant role in building the western portion of the transcontinental railroad (the Central Pacific)
A. Chinese
B. Slovaks
C. Germans
D. Czechs
A. Chinese
Which of the following was not one of the new millionare businessmen of the late 1800s?
A. James B. Duke
B. JP Morgan
C. Andrew Carnegie
D. Samuel Gompers
D. Samuel Gompers
Millionare family that became major controllers of American railways:
A. Morgan
B. Vanderbilt
C. Jefferson
D. Rockefeller
E. Zwolanek
B. Vanderbilt
Railroad practice of dividing business in a region and sharing the profits:
A. Rebating
B. Pooling
C. Stock watering
D. Patronage
B. Pooling
The interstate Commerce Commission was created to oversee this industry:
A. Oil
B. Railroads
C. Banking
D. Steel
B. Railroads
True or False
As American industries grew, some used Darwin’s ideas to justify the way that some businesses grew and others failed.
True
This product had an enormous role in aiding American industry in the late 1800s and was proclaimed “king” by many:
A. Cotton
B. Electricity
C. Steel
D. Processed meat
C. Steel
To combine all phases of manufacturing from mining to marketing is a tactic called:
A. Horizontal integration
B. Interlocking directorates
C. Vertical integration
D. Creating trusts
C. Vertical integeration
Our authors argue that one reason Americans were slow to regulate big businesses was the message they received from some of the new millionaires. One of them “preached” that hte wealthy should give away much of their wealth in his pamphlet, “The Gospel of Wealth.” That message came from:
A. Vanderbilt
B. Rockefeller
C. Carnegie
D. Morgan
C. Carnegie
The first billion-dollar corporation, US Steel, came from combining the efforts of these two mega-millionaires:
A. Carnegie, Rockefeller
B. Duke, Rockefeller
C. Vanderbilt, Gould
D. Carnegie, Morgan
D. Carnegie, Morgan
Rockefeller’s innovation of the ____ in creating his company provided a powerful example for other big businesses - and a target for reformers to challenge in the courts.
A. Interlocking directorate
B. Pool
C. Credit Mobilier
D. (Business) Trust
D. (Business) Trust
Rockefeller’s wealth came primarily from:
A. Meatpacking
B. Railroads
C. Oil
D. Steel
C. Oil
The primary method by which post-Civil War business leaders increased their profits was (by)
A. Researching new technologies
B. Eliminating competitors, as much as possible
C. Eliminating the use of vertical integration
D. Increased competition
B. Eliminating competitors, as much as possible
The South was largely left out of the industrialization of the era, except for this industry:
A. Oil
B. Meat-packing
C. Textiles
D. Steel
C. Textiles
The Bessemer-Kelly Process is most related to this industry:
A. Tobacco (cigarettes)
B. Textiles
C. Steel
D. Oil
C. Steel
The group most “profoundly affected by the new industrial age” was
A. Southerners
B. Native Americans
C. African Americans
D. Women
D. Women
The Knights of Labor was a group that intended to
A. Push for Civil Service reform in the national government
B. Lead and anarchist uprising in the US
C. Create “one big union” of American workers, both skilled and unskilled
D. Push for “Free Silver” and the end of Reconstruction
E. All of the above
C. Create “one big union” of American workers, both skilled and unskilled
A major setback for the growing unionized labor movement was (the)
A. Haymarket Incident
B. Interlocking directorate
C. “Gospel of Wealth”
D. Vertical integration
A. Haymarket Incident
