Objective 3 Vocab

Question 1

Prefix

Answer 1

A morpheme that comes before the base or root word to alter its meaning

Question 2

Suffix

Answer 2

A morpheme or an affix that comes after a base word or root word. Two categories derivational and inflected endings.

Question 3

Inflected Ending or Inflections

Answer 3

Categorized by 5 grammatical functions 1) Plurality 2) verb tense 3) possession 4) comparison 5) adverb -ly
these make sentences more grammatically acceptable but do not change the word’s part of speech.
ELL students often have a hard time with these.

Question 4

Derivational Suffixes

Answer 4

Used to alter a word’s part of speech
Ex. act is a verb
action is a noun
active is an adjective

Question 5

Part of Speech

Answer 5

categories of words such as verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions. They fill ‘slots’ in sentences based on their function

Question 6

Affixes

Answer 6

either prefixes or suffixes and are added to base or root words to change their grammatical functions or their part of speech

Question 7

Morpheme

Answer 7

The smallest unit of meaning in a language. Suffixes, roots, bases, and prefixes. Free morphemes can stand alone such as base words but bound morphemes must be attached to another word such as affixes or root words.
Ex. Sandboxes
3 morphemes
Sand box es
sand and box are free es is bound

Question 8

Base Words

Answer 8

A free morpheme that captures the bulk of the meaning in a word
Compound words have two base words
Ex. the base word in rerun is run

Question 9

Root Words

Answer 9

Bound morphemes that also captures the bulk of the meaning of a word.
Ex. vis in visible
aud in audile

Question 10

Homograph

Answer 10

Words that are spelled or look the same but have two different meanings.
Ex. tear the paper and tear as in crying

Question 11

Homophone

Answer 11

Words that sound alike but are spelled differently
Ex. to, too, and two

Question 12

Etymology

Answer 12

The study of word origins
Ex. the origin of the microscope and biology are Greek

Question 13

Context Clues

Answer 13

Help determine either the word identification or the word meaning. They are the words that surround an unfamiliar word that allow readers to use semantic (meaning) or syntactic (grammar) clues to determine the meaning or help to identify and pronounce the unfamiliar word.

Question 14

Compound word

Answer 14

A word that is made up of two free morphemes.
Ex. campground

Question 15

Common Syllable Types

Answer 15

6 single syllable types plus schwa
1) Open
2) Closed
3) silent e words
4) Double vowel
5) r-controlled
6) consonant -le
schwa (“uh”) sound

Question 16

Syllable Division Rules for Multi-syllabic Words

Answer 16

While not 100% applicable there are some syllable division rules in English to help readers decipher unfamiliar multi-syllable words.

Question 17

Orthography

Answer 17

The spelling system of a language…how words are spelled

Question 18

Common Orthographic Rules or Patterns

Answer 18

Mnemonic rules for orthography include “I before e except after c” as in theif vs. receive

Question 19

Spelling by Analogy

Answer 19

we use spelling patterns (word families or rimes) to spell longer multisyllabic words
Ex. magic helps us to spell magician correctly

Question 20

Cognate

Answer 20

roots or words that are used in more than one language that share spelling, pronunciation and meaning.
Ex. night in English, nuit in French, and n