Objective Flashcards
Art of designing and installing generating plant that will result in maximum return on investment over the expected life of the equipment.
Power Plant Engineering
Operating generating equipment to achieve reliable, continuous, and cheap power service.
Power Plant Engineering
A station or establishment which houses the prime movers, electric generators, and auxiliaries, for conversion of mechanical, chemical, and/or nuclear energy into electrical energy.
Power Plant
A power plant that involves heat to generate power. It uses heat as a source of energy.
Thermal Power Plant
Makes use of heavy fuel oil, or bunker oil for production of energy.
Oil Fired Steam Plant
Are heavy fossil fuels (3)
- Diesel
- Fuel Oil
- Bunker Fuel
Makes use of pulverized coal as fuel.
Coal Fired Thermal Plant
Males use of wood as fuel.
Dendro Thermal Plant
Makes use of steam generated in a reactor by heat from fission process of nuclear fuel.
Nuclear Steam Plant
Makes use of combustible gases as fuel from a gas turbine engine.
Gas Turbine Plant
Use generated heat from the inherit steam from the earth’s magma fuel.
Geothermal Plant
Makes use of steam generated from solar radiation.
Solar-steam Plant
An electric generating station using flowing water to drive the prime movers.
Hydro Electric Power Plant
Using pondage or steam flows as it occurs, more power can be generated in a rainy season than in dry season.
Run-of-river
Associated with a large water reservoir. This permits regulated supply of water so that the power output is constant throughout the year.
Plant with Storage Capacity
When energy is generated during periods of high system demand using water which has been pumped into a reservoir usually during periods of relatively low system.
Pump Storage Plant
Two types of hydraulic turbines
- Impulse Type
- Reaction Type
Hydraulic turbine that uses high heads and low volume.
Impulse Type
Hydraulic turbine that uses low heads and high volume.
Reaction Type
A plant of internal combustion engine prime mover using diesel as fuel in producing energy.
Diesel Power Plant
Using windmills as prime movers.
Windmill Plant
Makes use of the natural rising of tide to simulate flowing water.
Sea waves/Ocean Tides Plants
Chemical conversion of radiant energy of the sun to DC energy.
Solar or Photovoltaic
6 Types of Power Plants (as to source)
- Thermal Power Plant
- Hydro Electric Power Plant
- Diesel Power Plant
- Windmill Plant
- Sea Waves/Ocean Tides Plant
- Solar or Photovoltaic
8 Types of Power Plants (as to use)
- Base-Load Plant
- Peaking Plants
- Regulating Plant
- Reserve or Standby Plant
- Cold reserve
- Operating Reserve
- Hot Reserve
- Spinning Reserve
An electric generating station using heat ad a source of energy.
Base-Load Plant
Plant that is normally operated to provide power only during peak load periods.
Peaking Plants
Plant capable of carrying load for the time interval either during off peak or peak periods and usually responds to changes in system frequency.
Regulating Plant
For peak or system deficiencies.
Reserve or Standby Plant
Portion of the installed reserve kept in operable condition and available for service but not for immediate loading.
Cold Reserve
Refers to capacity in actual service in excess of peak load.
Operating Reserve
Refers to units available, maintained, or operating temperature and ready for service although not in actual operation.
Hot Reserve
It is power manifested by time.
Energy
It is the rate at which energy is expended.
Power
It is any form of energy transfer that causes changes in temperature.
Heat
Fuel is burned in much the same way as is done in an oil-fired home heating furnace, but on a larger scale. Heat from combustion boils water, resulting hot water vapor drives a steam turbine.
Oil-fired Power Plant (Steam)
The burning of the fuel produces fast-moving exhaust that passes through a gas turbine, which resembles a windmill that one might design for operation in hurricanes or tornadoes.
Oil-fired Power Plant (Combustion)
Consist of the same components as a combustion-turbine system, but in addition, the hot exhaust is used to produce steam in a water boiler.
Oil-fired Power Plant (Combined Steam and Combustion)
Natural gas is reserves from underground reserves and refined to obtain methane. The fuel is supplied to a combustion chamber in a machine that resembles a gigantic jet aircraft engine.
Gas-fired Power Plant
Water from the reservoir passes through a large pipe called penstock. The through one or more water turbines that drive one or more electric generator. The output of each generator is stepped up in voltage and then sent to the transmission line for distribution.
Plant with Storage Capacity
Portion of a river is channeled through a canal or pipeline, and the current through this medium drives a turbine. This type of system is best suited for locations where a river drops considerably per unit horizontal distance.
Run-of-river
Has two or more reservoirs at different elevations. When there’s little demand for electricity among the consumers in the region served by the facility, the excess available power is used to pump water from the lower reservoir into the upper one(s).
Pump Storage
Resembles a small dam with sluice gates that can be opened or closed, allowing water to flow between bodies of water having different elevations.
The Tidal Barrage
Friction between the air and water surface causes ripples that grow into wavelets, then into waves, and ultimately into swells. Ocean swells contain capacity to generate useable power.
Wave Electric Power
Uses a wind turbine, a device that channels the power of the wind to generate electricity.
Wind Power or Wind Energy
Have 3 blades and operate “upwind” with the turbine pivoting at the top of the tower.
Horizontal Axis Turbines
They come in several varieties. Omnidirectional, meaning they don’t need to be adjusted to point where the wind to operate.
Vertical Axis Turbines
Heat from the reactor is transferred to a water boiler by means of heat-transfer fluid (coolant).
Nuclear Fission Power Plant
Specialized form of semiconductors diode that converts visible light, IR radiation, or UV radiation directly into electricity.
Photovoltaics
The maximum deliverable power by photovoltaics.
Pmax= 0.5(Imax)
Generating capacity connected to the bus ready to take load.
Spinning Reserve
1 Joule is equal to how many watt-second?
1
1 Wh is how many joules?
3600 J
1 cal is how many joules?
4.184 J
1 Btu is how many joules?
1055 J
1 Btu/h is how many watts?
0.293 W
1 watt is how many Btu/h?
3.41 Btu/h
1 quad is how many Btu?
1x10^15 Btu
Specific weight of water
1000 kg/m3
Speed of light
3x10^8 m/s
