Objective 11: Deaerator Flashcards
What 4 sections does a deaerator usually contain?
- Heater Compartment: water is heated to saturation temperature
- Scrubber Compartment: released gases are scrubbed from the water
- Storage Section: stores the deaerated water
- Condensing Section: For condensing any steam that is being carried to the vent along with the released gases
What are the 3 types of deaerators?
- Spray type
- Tray type
- Bubbler type
Describe how a Spray Type Deaerator works
- The entering water passes through nozzles, which divide it into a fine spray
- In the heater compartment, the water is heated by direct contact with steam
- It then passes to the scrubber compartment where it is scrubbed and further heated by entering steam
- From the scrubber, the deaerated water flows to the storage section
- The steam flows to the heater compartment where it heats the incoming water spray and most of the steam condenses
- The released gases flow to the vent condensing section where most of the steam present is condensed and the gases pass out of the vent to atmosphere
What is the purpose of heating the water in deaerators?
This causes any free oxygen and carbon dioxide to be released from the solution.
Describe how Tray Type Deaerators work
- The water flow is broken up by trickling down over a series of trays
- The entering steam scrubs the water in the lower trays and heats the water in the upper tray section
- The released gases and remaining steam pass to the internal vent condenser, where most of the steam is condensed and the gases are vented to the atmosphere
How do some Deaerators combine the Spray and Tray principles?
Water is first sprayed into the upper heating section of the deaerator and then trickled over a series of steam-swept trays
When the Steam and Tray principles are combined in a Deaerator what happens to the released gases and remaining steam?
They pass through the incoming water spray on their way to the vent opening. This causes most of the steam that is being carried with the gases to condense
How do Bubbling Deaerators work?
Steam is forced up through perforated panels upon which water flow. The steam bubbling up through the water causes agitation and intimate contact between the steam and water, thus effecting deaeration. There may be several trays in a stack and the steam rises up through each of the trays as the water descends.
At what pressures are deaerators designed to operate at?
35-70 kPa
What are the 2 conditions that cause oxygen to escape from the water?
- Low Pressure
2. High Temperature
Why is the vent to atmosphere always open in deaerators?
- To remove oxygen
2. To reduce internal pressure
What is the function of the pressure control valve in deaerators?
They control the steam entering the deaerator by reacting to the pressure in the deaerator
Why do many deaerators have a second steam valve?
To remove steam from the deaerator if there is excess pressure
How is water level in the storage section of deaerators controlled?
- Float-operated level control valve
2. Overflow valve
How is a controlled level of water in the storage section of deaerators maintained during normal operation?
Adding water from the treated water storage tank