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CSEC- Biology > Obj 1- Section A > Flashcards

Obj 1- Section A Flashcards

Objective 1

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1
Q

Living organisms have seven characteristics in common:

A

GRIMNER

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2
Q

Nutrition (feeding):

A

the process by which living organisms obtain or make food

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3
Q

heterotrophs

A

Animals take in ready-made food and are called heterotrophs.

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4
Q

autotrophs

A

Plants make their own food and are called autotrophs.

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5
Q

Respiration:

A

the process by which energy is released from food by all living organisms

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6
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

requires oxygen and takes place in most cells

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7
Q

Anaerobic respiration

A

takes place without oxygen in certain cells

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8
Q

Excretion

A

the process by which waste and harmful substances, produced by the body’s metabolism, are removed from the body

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9
Q

Movement:

A

a change in the position of a whole organism or of parts of an organism

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10
Q

Irritability (sensitivity):

A

the ability of organisms to detect and respond to changes in their
environment or within themselves.

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11
Q

Growth:

A

a permanent increase in the size and complexity of an organism

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12
Q

Reproduction:

A

the process by which living organisms generate new individuals of the same kind as themselves

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13
Q

Asexual reproduction

A

requires only one parent

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14
Q

Sexual reproduction

A

requires two parents

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15
Q

Ways in which organisms can be grouped

A

-visible characteristics (hairiness, colour, shape, venation, number of legs and wings, and body segmentation)
-molecular structure of DNA

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16
Q

taxonomic classification system:

A

Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Soup
domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, families, genus, species

17
Q

There are 5 kingdoms

A

Prokaryote
Protist
Fungi
Plantae (plants)
Animalia (animals)
(pg. 2 bio concise)

18
Q

Prokaryote and eukaryote difference

A

Prokaryotes have cells that lack true membrane bound nuclei (DNA is free in the cells). Eukaryotes have true nuclei surrounded by membranes

19
Q

Virus

A

-group of organisms without any cell structure
-particles made up of a piece of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein coat
- they can only reproduce inside of other living things
-Viruses are not included in the five kingdom classification

20
Q

Monocotyledons

A

-leaves have straight, parallel veins and are usually long and narrow
-Seeds contain one cotyledon (seed leaf)
-Flower parts are in multiples of three
- sugarcane

21
Q

Dicotyledons

A
  • Leaves have a network of veins and are usually broad
  • Seeds contain two cotyledons
  • Flower parts are in multiples of four or five
    e.g. pride of Barbados
22
Q

Arthropods (phylum)

A
  • Have a waterproof exoskeleton (external skeleton) made mainly of chitin
  • Have a segmented body
  • Have several pairs of jointed
23
Q

Chordates (phylum)

A
  • Have a notochord (rod) running down the body, most have a backbone
  • Have a dorsal nerve cord with the anterior end usually enlarged forming the brain
  • Most have an internal skeleton of bone and cartilage
24
Q

Crustaceans (class)

A
  • Have two pairs of antennae
  • Usually have five or seven pairs of legs
  • Body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen or cephalothorax and abdomen
    e.g. lobster, shrimp, crab, woodlouse
25
Q

Arachnids (class)

A
  • Have no antennae
  • Have four pairs of legs
  • Body is divided into cephalothorax and abdomen
    e.g. spider, tick, scorpion
26
Q

Insects (class)

A
  • Have one pair of antennae
  • Have three pairs of legs
  • Body is divided into head, thorax and abdomen
  • Have a pair of compound eyes
  • Most have two pairs of wings e.g. cockroach, moth, ant, house fly
27
Q

Myriapods (class)

A
  • Have one pair of antennae
  • Have many pairs of legs
  • Body is elongated and divided into many segments e.g. centipede, millipede
28
Q

Pisces (fish) - class

A
  • Have a waterproof skin covered with scales * Have gills for breathing
  • Have fins for swimming
    e.g. barracuda, flying fish, shark
29
Q

Amphibians- class

A
  • Have a soft, moist, non-waterproof skin without scales
  • Eggs are laid in water, larvae live in water, adults
    live on land
  • Larvae have gills, adults have lungs e.g. frog, toad, newt
30
Q

Reptiles- class

A
  • Have a dry, waterproof skin with scales
  • Lay eggs with a rubbery shell on land e.g. snake, lizard, iguana, turtle
31
Q

Aves (birds)- class

A
  • Have a waterproof skin with feathers * Have a beak and no teeth
  • Forelimbs are modified to form wings
  • Lay eggs with a hard shell
  • Are homeothermic (warm blooded) e.g. sparrow, cattle egret, hawk
32
Q

Mammals-class

A
  • Have a waterproof skin with hair and sweat glands
  • Have different types of teeth
  • Young feed on milk from their mother * Are homeothermic e.g. mouse, whale, human

CSEC- Biology (2 decks)

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