Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, & Sleep: Week 7

Question 1

Adipose tissue

Answer 1

An anatomical term for loose connective tissue composed of adipocytes.
Its main role is to store energy in the form of fat, although it also cushions and insulates the body.

Question 2

Obesity

Answer 2

Excessively high amount of body fat or adipose tissue

Question 3

Socioeconomic status

Answer 3

Lower SES is a risk factor for obesity and associated with other environmental risk factors of obesity

Question 4

Physiologic regulatory mechanisms

Answer 4

Adipocytes (fat cells) make over 100 different hormones and proteins which contribute to hormonal imbalances in patients with obesity
-insulin resistance, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension are a common result of these mechanisms

Question 5

BMI formula

Answer 5

Weight (kg)/ height (m)squared

Question 6

BMI classifications

Answer 6

underweight= < 18.5
Normal = 18.5-24.9
Overweight = 25-29.9
Obese= 30-39.9
Extremely obese >40

Question 7

Gynoid fat distribution

Answer 7

pear shaped, weight carried more in the lower body
Based on weight circumference
More common in women
Associated with osteoporosis, varicose veins, cellulite

Question 8

Android fat distribution

Answer 8

Apple-shaped, weight carried more in abdominal area

Higher risks for health problems like heart disease

Question 9

Hormone replacement therapy

Answer 9

medication associated with obesity

Question 10

Holistic

Answer 10

Comprehensive treatment of the whole person, incorporating the values of the patient and their life
Key to addressing obesity

Question 11

Plateau

Answer 11

Periods of time when the patient will not lose weight, very common and expected in patients who are losing weight– important to educate patients about this

Question 12

Biological clock

Answer 12

Cyclical nature of body function. Functions controlled from within the body are synchronized with environmental factors; same meaning as biorhythm.

Question 13

Bruxism

Answer 13

Grinding, gnashing, or clenching of the teeth

Question 14

Cataplexy

Answer 14

Condition characterized by sudden muscular weakness and loss of muscle tone.

Question 15

Circadian rhythm

Answer 15

Repetition of certain physiological phenomena within a 24-hour cycle.

Question 16

Excessive daytime sleepiness

Answer 16

Common symptom/complaint associated with obstructive sleep apnea

Question 17

Insomnia

Answer 17

Condition characterized by chronic inability to sleep or remain asleep through the night.

Question 18

Narcolepsy

Answer 18

Syndrome involving sudden sleep attacks that a person cannot inhibit. Uncontrollable desire to sleep may occur several times during a day.

Question 19

Non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep

Answer 19

Sleep that occurs during the first four stages of normal sleep.

Question 20

Parasomnias

Answer 20

Disruptive sleep-related disorders

Examples: nocturnal enuresis, bruxism, night terrors, somnambulism

Question 21

Polysomnogram

Answer 21

Sleep study– comprehensive diagnostic tests used to diagnose sleep disorders

Question 22

Rapid eye movement [REM] sleep

Answer 22

Stage of sleep in which dreaming and rapid eye movements are prominent; important for mental restoration.

Question 23

Restless leg syndrome

Answer 23

Uncontrollable urge to move legs, worsens with age and in the evening, makes it difficult to sleep

Question 24

Shift work sleep disorder

Answer 24

Sleep disorder that affects people who work different/alternating shifts or work at night

Question 25

Sleep apnea

Answer 25

Sleep disorder where breathing is repeatedly interrupted

Obstructive is most common

Question 26

Sleep deprivation

Answer 26

Decrease in quality or quantity of sleep and or inconsistency in sleep

Question 27

Sleep hygiene

Answer 27

Practices associated with sleep

Know aspects of good sleep hygiene

Question 28

Somnambulism

Answer 28

Sleepwalking