Obesity

Question 1

define obesity

Answer 1

this is a clinical term with specific health implications

Question 2

two ways of assessing weight status

Answer 2

BMI

waist circumference

Question 3

how to calculate BMI

Answer 3

weight kg/height squared m2

Question 4

BMI thresholds

Answer 4

normal= 18.5-24.9
overweight= 25-29.9
obesity 1= 30-34.9
obesity 2= 35-39.9
obesity 3= over 40

Question 5

when are BMI thresholds different?

Answer 5

in Asian populations

Question 6

what does BMI not take into account?

Answer 6

muscle mass

Question 7

when is waist circumference measured?

Answer 7

when BMI is over 35

Question 8

male waist circumference measurements

Answer 8

high= 94-102cm

very high=above 102cm

Question 9

female waist circumference measurements

Answer 9

high is 80-88cm

very high is above 88cm

Question 10

5 A’s of management of obesity

Answer 10

ask
assess
advise
agree
assist

Question 11

what co-morbidities is obesity associated with?

Answer 11

OA
sleep apnoea
back pain
asthma

Question 12

how does fat cause inflammation

Answer 12

adipose tissue secretes adipokines causing inflammation

Question 13

role of leptin

Answer 13

tells the body how thin you are

Question 14

what happens if no leptin/leptin receptor not working

Answer 14

then the body thinks you are starving and increases fat deposition

Question 15

management of obesity

Answer 15

• diet, exercise
• orlistat
• bariatric surgery

Question 16

what does orlistat do?

Answer 16

inhibits lipases blocking absorption of fat so they are excreted in faeces

Question 17

examples of bariatric surgery

Answer 17

gastric band
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
vertical sleeve gastrectomy

do nutritional assessment post-surgery

Question 18

usual causes of hypoglycaemia

Answer 18

missed/delayed meals or not enough CHO
increased insulin
physical activity
alcohol, especially on empty stomach

Question 19

ways to reduce hypoglycaemia risk

Answer 19

emergency CHO
checking blood glucose frequently
never consume alcohol on empty stomach
beware of illness, stress and exercise

Question 20

when should you avoid physical activity if diabetic

Answer 20

blood glucose >14mmol/L or ketones present