Obesity

Question 1

What is metabolic syndrome?

Answer 1

The clustering of several traits that serves to alert physicians to who is at risk.

• abdominal obesity
• hypertension
• high fasting glucose
• high serum triglycerides
• low HDL’s
• microalbuminuria

Question 2

How does obesity cause insulin resistance?

Answer 2

Causes a defect in the enzyme cascade after insulin beings to integral tyrosine kinase

Question 3

What is leptin?

What does it do?

Answer 3

Stimulates neurones that decrease appetite

Hormone

Question 4

What are the possible pharmacological targets in obesity?

Answer 4

CNS regulation e.g. appetite and satiety
Energy expenditure e.g. fat oxidation
Energy absorption
Energy storage and utilisation in the liver
Energy storage and utilisation in adipocytes

Question 5

What is orlistat?
What does it do?
What are the side effects?

Answer 5

Decreases fat absorption by inhibiting pancreatic lipase

Steatorrhea

Question 6

What is sibutramine?
What does it do?
Why was it taken off the market?

Answer 6

Alters appetite centre by blocking repute of NT
Signal of satiety remains
However, taken off the market due to increased cardiovascular events

Question 7

What is ribonabant and the ecconabinoid system?

Why was it taken off the market?

Answer 7

Controls appetite by affect cannabinoid receptors

Taken off the market due to increase suicidality

Question 8

What is GLP-1 and how would GLP-1 analogues work?

Answer 8

glucagon like peptide
secreted by the gut
decreases appetite, delays gastric emptying, increases insulin secretion

Question 9

How would drugs that inhibits SGLT-2 work?

Answer 9

Acts in kidneys

Doesn’t allow reuptake of glucose –> glucosuria