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AQA Psychology - Social Influence > Obedience: Dispositional Explanations > Flashcards

Obedience: Dispositional Explanations Flashcards

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1
Q

What is a dispositional explanation?

A

Explanation of behaviour highlights the importance of the individual’s personality

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2
Q

Who investigated into why Nazi soldiers were so willing to persecute and kill members of minority groups, such as Jews during WW II; could it be blamed on a personality trait?

A

Adorno

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3
Q

When did Adorno investigate into this?

A

1950

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4
Q

What did Adorno claim?

A

Particular personality type is more likely to obey an authority

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5
Q

What did Adorno et al. (1950) investigated in to?

A

The causes of an obedient personality in a study of more than 2000 middle-class, white Americans and their unconscious attitudes towards other racial groups.

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6
Q

What did Adorno et al. (1950) develop?

A
  • F scale

- F=Fascist

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7
Q

What did the F-Scale test?

A

The relationship between a person’s personality type and prejudiced beliefs

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8
Q

What was Adorno et al (1950) procedure?

A
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9
Q

Define authoritarian personality:

A

A type of personality which was susceptible to obeying people in authority

  • Submissive to those with high authority
  • Dismissive of inferiors
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10
Q

What was Adorno et al (1950) findings?

A

-Those who scored higher were identified as ‘strong’
-higher score has particular cognitive style
+No grey areas between catergories
+Fixed and distinctive stereotypes
+Strong positive correlation between authoritarianism and prejudice

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11
Q

Characteristics of an authoritarian personality:

A
  • Rigid beliefs = very traditional/dislike of change
  • Hostility of other groups = Dominating and bullying manner
  • Intolerant of ambiguity = Cannot tolerate behaviour which is wrong
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12
Q

Origin of the Authoritarian personality:

A
  • Harsh and punitive upbringing/ little love
  • Fear of parents = excessive respect to authority figures
  • Hatred of parents = gate and anger displaced on to others
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13
Q

What is the origin of the Authoritarian personality base on?

A

Psychodynamic approach

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14
Q

What did Milgram and Elms (1966) find?

A

Original participants who exceed to 450v showed higher on tests of authoritarianism and lower on social responsibility

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15
Q

Disadvantage of Milgram and Elms (1966):

A

-Only correlation

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16
Q

Why is the authoritarian personality explanation limited?

A

As during the WWII May Germans behaved the same but had very different personalities so not all could have had the authoritarian personality

17
Q

What is an alternative explanation to the authoritarian personality explanation?

A

Social identity theory

18
Q

Who proposed that the F-scale is politically bias?

A

Christie and Jahoda (1954)

19
Q

Is the F-scale politically free or biased?

A

Biased

20
Q

Why is the F-scale biased according to Christie and Jahoda (1954)?

A

F-scale tends to measure the tendency towards extreme right-wing ideology

21
Q

Why is Adorno’s theory not a comprehensive dispositional theory?

A

Doesn’t explain left wing authoritariansim

22
Q

Who suggested that the F-scale has a flawed methodology?

A

Greenstein (1969)

23
Q

What did Greenstein (1969) criticise?

A
  • The scale was all in the same order meaning possible social desirability bias
  • Researcher knew the score of participants before interviewing (Reseach bias can occur)
24
Q

What does the flaw in methodology mean for all the results collected by Adorno?

A

That they are meaningless and lacks serious validity

25
Q

What the results collected by Adorno cause and effects or a correlation?

A

Correlation

26
Q

What is the problem with results which are a correlation?

A

No matter how strong they neither be a cause and effect established form it

27
Q

What could Adorno not claim due to results being a correlation?

A

That harsh parenting causes development of authoritarian personality

AQA Psychology - Social Influence (10 decks)

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