OB Medication Cards Flashcards
betamethasone (Celestone)
- Class
- Indication
- Action
- Route
- Dose
- Corticosteroid
- Acceleration of fetal lung maturity to reduce incidence and severity of RDS
- Reduces incidence of intra-ventricular hemorrhage and neonatal death in the preterm infant
- Reduces inflammation of the bronchial tubes and speeds lung development
- IM: 12 mg 2 doses 24 hr apart
betamethasone (Celestone)
- Best time to give?
- Department it’s used in?
- Greatest benefit accrue if at least 24 hr elapse between initial dose and birth of the preterm infant.
- L&D, NICU
betamethasone (Celestone)
- Contraindications
- Who to give it to?
- Active infection (ie chorioamnionitis)
- NIH recommends use of corticosteroids for women who have preterm rupture (24-32 weeks) of the membranes
betamethasone (Celestone)
- Adverse Reactions
- Drug Interaction
Few side effects if used for short duration.
- Increased risk of CD in women who received > 4 doses
- Pulmonary edema secondary to sodium and fluid retention
- Increased hunger, anxiety, and BP
- Hypoglycemia for baby, hyperglycemia for mom
- May increase need for insulin and hyperglycemic agents
- Increase risk of adverse reaction from live virus vaccines
betamethasone (Celestone)
- Nursing Considerations
- More frequent blood sugar checks in diabetics because sugar can be elevated while on corticosteroids
- Temporary rise in platelet and WBC levels and may last 72 hours
- WBC levels > 20,000 may indicate infection
- Assess lung sounds/report chest pain or heaviness or dyspnea
Calcium Gluconate (10%)
- Class
- Indication
- Antidote
- Mineral and electrolyte replacement
- Reverse magnesium toxicity and prevent respiratory arrest if serum levels become high
- ANTIDOTE for magnesium toxicity
Calcium Gluconate
- Route
- Dose
- IV
- 1-3 g may be administered until response occurs
Calcium Gluconate
- Contraindications
- Side Effects
- Hypercalcemia, renal calculi, ventricular fibrillation can cause:
- Cardiac arrest, syncope, arrhythmias, headache, C/N/V
Calcium Gluconate
- Drug-Drug Interaction
- Assessment
- Concurrent use with diuretics (thiazide) may result in hypercalcemia
- Monitor BP, pulse, and ECG frequently
May cause vasodilation- Hypotension, bradycardia, arrhythmias, and cardiac arrest
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Classification
- Indication
- Route/Dosage
- Prostaglandin/Oxytocic
- Used in combination with mifepristone (Mifeprex) for TERMINATION of pregnancy, CERVICAL RIPENING and LABOR INDUCTION - stop postpartum bleeding. Not an AUGMENTOR.
- PO: 400 mcg single dose 2 days after mifeprex for termination
Intravaginally: 25 mcg repeat q 3-6 hr if needed
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Usual use in OB
- Pregnancy Category
- Breastfeeding
- Used for elective abortion before 7 weeks
- Pregnancy Category X
- Passes into breastmilk and can cause severe diarrhea in infants
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Contraindications
- Side Effects
- Drug Interaction
- Hypersensitivity to prostaglandins and should not be used to prevent NSAID induced gastric injury due to potential fetal death
- Abdominal pain and diarrhea
- Increased risk of diarrhea with magnesium containing antacids
Cytotec (Misoprostol)
- Nursing Assessment
- Nursing Implications
- Where is it used?
- Monitor uterine cramping, fetal HR, and bleeding
- Inform patient that the med will cause spontaneous abortion
- They will feel cramping
- If abortion is incomplete, surgery may be necessary
- Use contraception for one menstrual cycle following treatment
- L&D
Erythromycin Eye Ointment (Ilotycin)
- Classification
- Indication
- Route/Dosage
- Antibiotic
- Prophylaxis against the organism NEISERRIA GONORRHOEAE (Gonorrhea), not for syphillis or chlamydia
- Prevents ophthalmia neonatorum in infants of mother with gonorrhea
- Ribbon of eye ointment applied to lower conjunctival sac
Erythromycin Eye Ointment (Ilotycin)
- Adverse Reactions
- Where is it used?
- Burning, itching
- Irritation may result in chemical conjunctivitis lasting 24-48 hours
- Temporary blurred vision
- L&D, NB
Erythromycin Eye Ointment (Ilotycin)
- Nursing Considerations
- Cleanse infant’s eyes as needed before application
- Hold tube in a horizontal rather than vertical position
- Administer from inner to outer canthus
- Do not touch the tip of the tube to any part of the eye
- Use new tube for each infant
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
- Class
- Indication
- Route/Dosage
- Opioid analgesics
- Adjunct to epidural analgesia during labor, produces CNS depression and decreases pain
- IV: 25-50 mcg may be repeated q 1 hr or PCA
- IV used during birth
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
- Adverse Reactions
- Contraindications
- Where is it used?
- Less n/v and respiratory depression than Demerol
- Hypersensitivity or cross-sensitivity or known intolerance
- LD
Fentanyl (Sublimaze)
- Drug-Drug Interactions
- Nursing Assessment
- Avoid in patients who have received MAOI’s within previous 14 days
- Monitor RR and BP frequently for respiratory depression
- Antidote - ATROPINE
HBIG (Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin)
- Classification
- Indication
- Route/Dosage
- Vaccine/immune globulins
- Prevents hepatitis B infection in neonates born to hepatitis B POSITIVE women by providing passive immunity
- ONLY GIVEN IF MOTHER IS HEP B POSITIVE
- IM: 0.5 mL within 12 hr of birth (vastus lateralis for infants)
HBIG (Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin)
- Priority Action
- Effects of Hepatitis B in Pregnancy
- Side Effects
- Give the HBIG vaccine within 12 hr of birth
- Hepatitis B increases incidence of prematurity, low birth weight, and prenatal death
- Pain at injection site and local soreness
HBIG (Hepatitis B Immunoglobulin)
- Nursing Assessment
- Nursing Implications
- Where is it used?
- Monitor infant temperature for s/s of infection
- Teach mother to practice good hygiene including hand washing
- Baby needs 2nd vaccine in 2 months and 3rd in 6 months
- Household members should be tested and vaccinated
- PP, NB
Hemabate (Carboprost)
- Classification
- Indication
- Action
- Route/Dose
- Prostaglandin/oxytocic
- Treatment of POSTPARTUM HEMORRHAGE
- Stimulates contraction of the uterus
- Can also be used for abortion
- IM: 250 mcg
- Max dose is 2 mg
Hemabate (Carboprost)
- Side Effects
- Contraindications
- Where is it used?
- DIARRHEA, n/v, tetanic contractions, uterine rupture
- Contraindicated with acute pelvic inflammatory disease, cardiac, pulmonary, renal, or hepatic disease
- LD, PP
Hemabate (Carboprost)
- Nursing Considerations
- Keep refrigerated
- Give via DEEP IM and aspirate carefully to avoid IV injection
- Monitor VS
- Administer **anti-emetics and antidiarrheals **as ordered
Hepatitis B Vaccine (Neonate)
- Vaccine Schedule
- Route/Dosage
- Where is it used?
- 1st dose may be given before discharge or at infants 1st visit to pediatrician, 2nd dose - 2 months, 3rd dose - 6-18 months
- IM
- Adults - deltoid
- Infants - vastus lateralis
- NB
Magnesium Sulfate
- Class
- Indication
- Where is it used?
- Miscellaneous anticonvulsant
- Prevention and control of seizures in severe preeclampsia, prevention of uterine contractions in preterm labor
- LD, PP
Magnesium Sulfate
- Route/Dosage
- IV
- Deep IM
- IM is painful, not recommended
- Loading dose of 4-6 g of mg sulfate in 100 mL IV fluid over 15-20 minutes, then 2 g/hr maintenance dose
Magnesium Sulfate
- Contraindications
- Adverse Reactions
- Contraindicated in persons with myocardial damage, heart block, myasthemia gravis, or impaired renal function
- S/E result from magnesium overdose and include flushing, sweating, hypotension, depressed deep tendon reflexes, and CNS depression, including respiratory depression
Magnesium Sulfate
- Toxicity
- Magnesium toxicity, possibly r/t incomplete renal drug excretion, may be evidenced by:
- Thirst
- Mental confusion
- Decreased reflexes