OB/GYN COMMON TERMS Flashcards
Pap Smear
Collection of cervical cells evaluated by a pathologist, used to screen for cervical cancer
COLPO (colposcopy)
Procedure done with a special scope to evaluate the cervix and vaginal walls
CRYO (cryotherapy)
Treatment for abnormal pap to treat precancerous cells that involves “freezing” of the abnormal cells on the cervix
LEEP (loop electro surgical excision procedure)
treatment for abnormal pap results to remove abnormal cervical cells
Pessary
Medical device that is inserted vaginally to help support the pelvic organs, several types and sizes are available
Lupron Depo
intramuscular injection that is given to help with endometriosis, pelvic pain, or uterine fibroids
Endometriosis
Inflammation of the lining of uterus, often assoc with pelvic pain
Menorrhagia
Heavy vaginal bleeding outside of normal menstrual cycle
Menometrorrhagia
Excessive and prolonged bleeding outside of normal menstrual menstrual cycle
Fibroids (uterine or ovarian)
Generally benign tumors that develop inside the uterus
Amenorrhea
Absence of menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age
Dysmenorrhea
Pain during menstruation that interferes with daily activities
PCOS (PolyCystic Ovarian Syndrome)
Condition that can affect a woman’s hormone levels, periods, and ovulation; may also effect fertility
Menopause
Menstruation ceases, body goes through changes that no longer allow her to get pregnant
Mammogram
Radiology screening of the breasts for cancer
Dexascan
Radiology test for determining bone density and risk for fractures
Natural Family Planning (Creighton Model)
Method of birth control or obtaining pregnancy in which body temp, cervical mucus, and menstrual cycles are tracked
IUD (intrauterine device)
Medical device inserted into the uterus, can be used to control vaginal bleeding or to help with family planning and birth control
Brand Name IUDs
Mirena, Paragard, Skyla
Nexplanon
Birth control device inserted into upper arm
Diaphragm
A medical device inserted vaginally, specifically fit for each woman, used for family planning
Depo Provera
Medication injected intramuscularly to help control vaginal bleeding or for family planning; generally given every 12 weeks
LMP (last menstrual period)
First day of last period
EDC (estimated date of confinement)
Pregnancy “due date”
Gravida
Number of times a patient has been pregnant
Para
Number of (viable) births a patient has had
Gestational age
Number of weeks a patient is pregnant
NST (non-stress test)
Test done on pregnant patients to determine if the fetus is tolerating the pregnancy, traces fetal hr and any uterine activity; generally done once or twice a week as needed
AFI (amniotic fluid volume)
Assessment of the amount of amniotic fluid around the fetus; done via ultrasound
BPP (Biophysical profile)
Determines fetal well-being via ultrasound
Quad Screen
Blood test done around 15-18 weeks gestation to assess the risk of having a baby with genetic defects or neural tube defects
1st Trimester Screen
Blood test and ultrasound performed to look at the risk of genetic defects in the fetus
Postpartum
the period beginning immediately after birth of a child and extending for 6 weeks following birth
Pap Smear Normal Results
Healthy cells present in the cervix
Pap smear abnormal results
Abnormal changes to the cells in the cervix
Pap smear Abnormal result- Inflammation
Non cancerous changes are present on pap, may be due to normal cell repair or an infection, further testing may be needed
Pap smear abnormal results- Atypical Squamous cells (ASC-US or ASC-H)
Cells on surface of the cervix show changes, but their significance is not known yet, testing for HPV and other STIs following this pap may be needed
Pap smear abnormal results- Atypical glandular cells (AGC)
Cells lining the cervical canal show abnormal changes, further testing following the pap is likely, may also have treatment to destroy or remove problem cells
Pap smear abnormal- Mild Dysplasia (low grade SIL or CIN 1)
Cells show distinct changes, more testing following pap and HPV typing may be done, treatment to destroy or remove problem cells may be done as well
Pap smear abnormal- Moderate to Severe Dysplasia (high-grade SIL or CIN 2, or CIN 3)
Cells show pre-cancerous changes, or non-invasive cancer may be present, treatment to destroy or remove problem cells after pap is likely
Pap smear abnormal- Cancer (squamous cell carcinoma, endo cervical adenocarcinoma in situ, or adenocarcinoma)
Different types of cancer detected by pap, more tests to assess the cancer’s extent is likely, treatment will vary based on type of cancer, test results, age, and health history
Kyleena and Mirena
IUDs that release levonorgestrel, 5 year system
Skyla
IUD that same as Mirena, releases levonorgestrel, 3 year system
Liletta
IUD that releases Levonorgestrel, 6 year system
Paragard
Copper IUD that lasts up to 10 years
Nexplanon
An etonogestrel implant, no more than 3 years
Novasure Endometrial Ablation
Five minute, one-time endometrial ablation, minimally invasive procedure that removes just the uterine lining (endometrium)
GTT (Glucose tolerance test)
Test ran at 28 weeks gestation, first test is 1 hr, second test is 3 hrs, if 3 hr test is failed it is considered gestational diabetes, if 1 hr test is failed and the 3 hr is denied by patient it is considered gestational diabetes as well
