OB/GYN Flashcards
H/o DVT rules out what contraception options?
anything containing combination of estrogen and progestin
Define typical use effectiveness and perfect use effectiveness
Typical use effectiveness- overall effectiveness in actual use when forgetfulness and misuse occur
Perfect use effectiveness- efficacy when used correctly, consistently and reliably
What is the yuppie method?
OCP regimen consisting of 2 tablets of 100-120 mug of ethinyl estradiol and 500-600 mug of levonorgosterol at time zero and 2 tablets after 12 hrs
What is plan B?
Levonorgestrel 0.75 mg PO at time 0 and the same dose after 12 hrs (method used within 72 hours of unprotected sex)
Plan B one-step
levonergosterol 1.5 mg taken as one pill
What is the most effective contraception to protects against STDs?
male condoms; this is the second most common form of contraception used
What are the disadvantages with a vaginal diaphragm?
it must be fitted by a physician; placed 1-2 hours before sex and left in 8 hours afterwards
There is an increased rate of UTIs and increased risk of ulceration of the vagina with prolonged use
Cervical caps are limited in use because women with ____ should not use them.
abnormal cervical cytology; due to fear of traumatizing the cervix
What is the function of the progestin and estrogen in OCPS?
progestin- thickens the cervical mucous and inhibits ovulation
Estrogen- maintain the endometrium, prevent unscheduled bleeding, and prevent follicular development
What risks are involved with OCPs (primarily due to estrogen)?
Venous thromboembolism
Stroke in pts with migraines with aura
MI in heavy smokers (>15 cigarettes per day) and who are 35 or older
What are the non-contraception benefits of OCPs?
Decreased risk of ovarian, colon, or endometrial cancer
Shortened duration of menses
Decreased bleeding during menses
Improved pain from dysmenorrhea and endometriosis
Decreased abnormal uterine bleeding
Improving acnes
T/F: Depot (DMPA) is just as effective as LARCs.
F- depot has a higher pregnancy rate than LARC
What medication is in the contraceptive patch?
norelgestromin and ethinyl estradiol
What medication is in the contraceptive arm implant?
etonogestrel
What is the time period after stopping contraception needed to regain fertility?
Pills, patches, rings- 2 weeks
Injectables-9-10 months
postpill amenorrhea may persist for ____ amount of time
6 months
How long can the IUDs be in place for?
Cooper T380A- 10 yrs
Mirena- 5 years
Skyla- 3 years
Liletta- 3 yrs
What are the non contraceptive uses for levonorgestrel IUDs?
tx pts with menorrhagia, dysmenorrhea, and pain due to endometriosis, and adenomyosis
What risks are there with IUD insertion?
uterine perforation in 1:1000
transient increase in upper GU infection (1:1000) due to endometrial contamination
Contraindication to IUD insertion
current pregnancy, current STD, PID currently or within the past 3 months, unexplained vaginal bleeding, malignant gestational trophoblastic disease, untreated cervical cancer, untreated endometrial cancer, uterine fibroids distorting the endometrial cavity, current breast cancer (for levonorgestrel IUDs), anatomical distortions of the uterine cavity, known pelvic TB, allergy to IUD component, Wilson’s dx (Copper IUD)
What are the forms of emergency contraception?
Progestin Plan B, Plan B One-Step, ulipristal are the three most common forms. Also includes the copper IUD and the Yuzpe method
True/false – there are no medical conditions were the risk of emergency contraception outweighs the benefits.
True-woman with cardiovascular disease, migraines, liver disease, or who are breast-feeding may use emergency contraception.
What is the major side effect of emergency contraception?
Nausea and vomiting
When is emergency contraception contra indicated?
In women with suspected or known pregnancy, are those with abnormal vaginal bleeding