OB Final

Question 1

What is the difference between the cervix prior and post birth?

Answer 1

cervix prior birth is small, regular, oval opening

cervix post birth has a transverse slit that resembles lips

Question 2

What is the most inexpensive way to prevent clots?

Answer 2

ambulation

Question 3

What is the “hormone of pregnancy”/ sustain pregnancy?

Answer 3

progesterone

Question 4

What is the most common cause of hemorrhage?

Answer 4

uterine atony in the 4th stage of labor

Question 5

What is a way to promote bonding after birth?

Answer 5

give the baby to the mother immediately after birth

Question 6

What is a big risk for infection during pregnancy?

Answer 6

multiple hands in the vagina

Question 7

What is conduction?

Answer 7

transfer of heat from one object to another when the two objects are in direct contact with each other
- cold mattress, scale, circumcision board

Question 8

What is convection?

Answer 8

flow of heat from the body surface to cooler surrounding air or to air circulating over a body surface; breeze from a window being open

• cool breeze that flows over the newborn
• keep away from doors & windows

Question 9

What is evaporation?

Answer 9

loss of heat when a liquid is converted to a vapor

- when baby is born and covered in amniotic fluid then the air evaporates it

Question 10

What is radiation?

Answer 10

loss of body heat to cooler, solid surfaces that are in proximity but not in direct contact with the newborn; standing near the closed window; close proximity

Question 11

Can breast milk be measured?

Answer 11

No, only formula

Question 12

How often do breast fed babies need to feed?

Answer 12

every 2-3 hours, nursing for 10-20 minutes on each breast

Question 13

How often do bottle fed babies need to feed?

Answer 13

every 3-4 hours, finishing a bottle in 30 minutes

Question 14

How much formula should a full term baby be getting?

Answer 14

1.5-2 oz (45-60 mL) per lb

Question 15

Do newborns drink water?

Answer 15

No, not enough nutrients

Question 16

What is avoided inside the babies crib?

Answer 16

no toys or clothing inside the crib

Question 17

What is the first stage of labor?

Answer 17

“dilation”- from the first contraction to the full dilation of the cervix

Question 18

What is the second stage of labor?

Answer 18

“expulsive stage”- fully dilated cervix and ends with the birth of the newborn

Question 19

What is the third stage of labor?

Answer 19

“placental expulsion”- newborn is born to the separation/ birth of the placenta

Question 20

What is the fourth stage of labor?

Answer 20

“restorative stage/ immediate postpartum period”- mother’s body begins to stabilize after the hard work of labor and the loss of the products of conception

Question 21

What is the longest stage of labor?

Answer 21

first stage “dilation”

Question 22

What is the latent/early phase?

Answer 22

0-3 cm; 0%-40% effacement; takes 9 hours; contractions are every 5-10 minutes lasting 30-45 seconds

Question 23

What is the active phase?

Answer 23

4-7 cm; 40%-80% effacement; takes 6 hours; contractions are every 2-5 minutes lasting 45-60 seconds

Question 24

What is the transition phase?

Answer 24

8-10 cm; 80%-100% effacement; every 1-2 minutes lasting 60-90 seconds

Question 25

Which PHASE is the most difficult, but shortest?

Answer 25

transition phase

Question 26

What time period is RhoGAM given?

Answer 26

given at 28-32 gestational weeks and within 72 hours after birth

Question 27

What is the difference between pudendal block and epidural?

Answer 27

pudendal- usually for 2nd stage, episiotomy, or operative vaginal birth epidural- continuous infusion or intermittent injection; usually started when dilation >5 cm

Question 28

What is gestational age?

Answer 28

stage of maturity

Question 29

When is gestational age determined?

Answer 29

physical assessment done at 2 hours of life

Question 30

What is the APGAR score?

Answer 30

evaluation of newborn’s physical condition at 1 minute and 5 minute then 10 minute if 5 minute is score of 7 or lower

Question 31

What does APGAR stand for?

Answer 31

``` A= appearance (color) P= pulse (heart rate) G= grimace (reflux irritability) A= activity (muscle tone) R= respiratory (respiratory effort) ```

Question 32

When do newborns need to urinate?

Answer 32

within 24 hours

Question 33

The newborn's blood sugar should be at what?

Answer 33

above 145

Question 34

How many diapers do newborns go through daily?

Answer 34

6-12 diapers to ensure adequate hydration

Question 35

What is gestational diabetes?

Answer 35

glucose intolerance with its onset during pregnancy or first detection during pregnancy

Question 36

When do we screen for gestational diabetes?

Answer 36

at 24-28 weeks

Question 37

How is oxytocin administered?

Answer 37

piggy back, never given as a bolus

Question 38

At what gestational week do the organs develop?

Answer 38

8 weeks

Question 39

What is placenta previa?

Answer 39

bleeding condition that occurs during the last two trimesters of pregnancy; placenta implants over the cervical os

Question 40

What is abruptio placentae?

Answer 40

separation of the normally located placenta after the 20th week of gestation; prior to birth that leads the hemorrhage

Question 41

Postterm labor is considered at what gestational week?

Answer 41

over 42 weeks

Question 42

What is premature rupture of membranes "PROM"?

Answer 42

women beyond 37 weeks’ gestation

Question 43

What is an important NI for premature rupture of membranes?

Answer 43

no unsterile digital cervical exams until woman is in active labor

Question 44

What is the purpose of invitro fertilization?

Answer 44

increase ovulation

Question 45

What is the purpose of contraceptives?

Answer 45

decrease ovulation

Question 46

Where does fertilization take place?

Answer 46

fallopian tubes

Question 47

What is follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)?

Answer 47

rises and stimulates the follicle to produce estrogen

Question 48

Signs/symptoms of mastitis?

Answer 48

warm/hot and hard area

Question 49

When does the foramen ovale close?

Answer 49

at the first breath

Question 50

When does the ductus venosus?

Answer 50

cutting the cord

Question 51

When do we feel the movement of the fetus?

Answer 51

16-20 weeks

Question 52

When does the uterus come out of the pelvis?

Answer 52

12 weeks (3 months)

Question 53

At what week is the fetus at the top of umbilicus?

Answer 53

20 weeks

Question 54

How much weight gain per week/ total pregnancy?

Answer 54

25-35 lbs total pregnancy | 3-5 lbs total in the 1st trimester, than 1 lb/week until birth

Question 55

What is the difference between frequency and duration?

Answer 55

frequency- how often the contractions occur | duration- how long a contraction lasts

Question 56

Difference between morning sickness and hyperactiva gravida?

Answer 56

hyperactiva gravida continues into the 2nd trimester

Question 57

What does a frank breech baby look like?

Answer 57

feet to head

Question 58

Common cause of late deceleration?

Answer 58

cord compression

Question 59

Time frame for postpartum blues?

Answer 59

peak 3-4 days, resolving by day 8

Question 60

Difference between preterm and postterm babies?

Answer 60

preterm- more vernix caseosa, more hair | postterm- cord dries up, creases on foot

Question 61

Normal magnesium level? When is it toxic?

Answer 61

4-7 normal | >8 is toxic

Question 62

What should women with nipple pain do?

Answer 62

breast milk on their nipples and let it air dry

Question 63

When does menstruation returns for BREAST feeding mother?

Answer 63

3 months- 1 year

Question 64

When does menstruation returns for BOTTLE feeding mother?

Answer 64

6-8 weeks

Question 65

What is a nursing implication for an episiotomy?

Answer 65

ice the area

Question 66

What is the difference between a hematoma and vacuuming (Caput Succedaneum) a newborn?

Answer 66

vacuum will cross the suture line, whereas a hematoma will not

Question 67

What would be our first indication of a shoulder dysplasia?

Answer 67

listen to hear a click

Question 68

3 discharge teaching instructions for umbilical cord care?

Answer 68

1. do not use alcohol 2. let it air dry 3. put diaper below umbilical cord

Question 69

What is going to be bigger, the head or the chest?

Answer 69

the head is about 2 cm bigger than the chest

Question 70

What are two things we are immediately concerned about after birth?

Answer 70

airway/breathing and thermoregulation

Question 71

What kind of stool will FORMULA fed babies have?

Answer 71

yellow, yellow-greenish, greenish, loose, pasty, formed, unpleasant odor *depending on the type of formula

Question 72

what kind of stool will BREAST feed babies have?

Answer 72

yellow-gold, loose, and stringy to pasty in consistency, sour smelling

Question 73

What is the difference between HELLP, preeclampsia, and eclampsia?

Answer 73

preeclampsia- treated with magnesium, protein in the urine eclampsia- seizures HELLP- no clinical signs, just lab findings

Question 74

What is uterine inversion and how is it fixed?

Answer 74

uterus turns inside out | fixed with surgery

Question 75

Before they induce someone, what assessment is done?

Answer 75

bishop score

Question 76

When is it considered late postpartum hemorrhage?

Answer 76

After 6 weeks.

Question 77

How does the weight of the baby fluctuate?

Answer 77

In the first week the baby looses about 10% of total body weight. Then the baby starts gaining weight again, and at 6 months the baby should be double birth weight.

Question 78

What vaccine don't we give mothers?

Answer 78

TB.

Question 79

What is subinvolution?

Answer 79

The failure of the uterus to reconstruct after birth leading to hemorrhage.

Question 80

Can you breastfeed with mastitis?

Answer 80

Yes.

Question 81

What is the benefit of using oxytocin?

Answer 81

Aids in uterine contractions.

Question 82

WHY is Rhogam given?

Answer 82

To prevent cell insensitivity.

Question 83

At what stage are you at greatest risk for hemorrhage?

Answer 83

4th stage.

Question 84

Whats the difference between 3rd and 4th degree lacerations?

Answer 84

3rd- Tears down through muscle, to the anal sphincter. | 4th- Tears through anal sphincter to anus.

Question 85

What are examples of DIC?

Answer 85

Petechia, bleeding, and bruising.

Question 86

What is Babinski's reflex? (Plantar in adults)

Answer 86

Baby's toes flare up when foot is stroked.

Question 87

S&S of infant respiratory distress?

Answer 87

Nasal flare, Increased HR, Shivers due to lack of brown fat.

Question 88

S&S of a women with pulmonary embolism?

Answer 88

SOB, absent lung sounds, tachycardic, weakness, diaphoretic.

Question 89

What is the favored pelvic shape?

Answer 89

Gynecoid.