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Final > OB > Flashcards

OB Flashcards

1
Q

What is conduction?

A

transfer of heat from one object to another when the two objects are in direct contact with each other
- cold mattress, scale, circumcision board

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2
Q

What is convection?

A

flow of heat from the body surface to cooler surrounding air or to air circulating over a body surface; breeze from a window being open

  • cool breeze that flows over the newborn
  • keep away from doors & windows
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3
Q

What is evaporation?

A

loss of heat when a liquid is converted to a vapor

- when baby is born and covered in amniotic fluid then the air evaporates it

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4
Q

What is radiation?

A

loss of body heat to cooler, solid surfaces that are in proximity but not in direct contact with the newborn; standing near the closed window; close proximity

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5
Q

What is naegel rule?

A

first day of last normal period - 3 months + 7 days + 1 year

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6
Q

Why do we give Rhogam?

A

given to prevent cell insensitive

given when a mother is - and a fetus is +

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7
Q

Coombs test for Rhogam?

A

antibody screen to determine isoimmunity to Rh antigen

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8
Q

What is GTPAL?

A

Gravida/ Term (38-42 weeks)/ Preterm (~20-37 weeks)/ Abortions (

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9
Q

When is Rhogam given, in terms of timing?

A

given at 28-32 gestational weeks and within 72 hours after birth

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10
Q

When does menstruation return for BOTTLE feeding?

A

6-8 weeks

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11
Q

When does menstruation return for BREAST feeding?

A

3 months- 1 year

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12
Q

When does the primitive heart fully developed?

A

week 8.

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13
Q

When can fetal gender be determined?

A

12 weeks.

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14
Q

What is placenta previa? s/s, NI, and risk factors?

A
  • bleeding condition that occurs during the last two trimesters of pregnancy; placenta implants over the cervical os
  • PAINLESS, visible bright red blood
  • NI: avoidance of vaginal exams & prepare for possible C section birth
  • risk factors: maternal age, multiple C sections, infertility treatments
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15
Q

What is abruptio placentae? s/s, NI, and risk factors

A
  • separation of the normally located placenta after the 20th week of gestation; prior to birth that leads the hemorrhage
  • s/s: sudden, constant, PAINFUL, knife-like abdominal pain; blood is dark (visible or concealed)
  • NI: volume replacement (2 large bore IV & transfusion of fresh-frozen plasma), bed rest in left lateral position, alert for signs of DIC (bleeding gums, tachycardia, oozing from IV site, petechiae), catheter
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16
Q

What is mild preeclampsia? and NI?

A

> 140/>90 after 20 weeks, resolving 12 weeks
may be placed on bed rest (on lateral recumbent position)
monitor BP every 4-6 hours while awake

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17
Q

What is eclampsia?

A

> 160/ >110 with marked proteinuria and seizure

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18
Q

What is admin to prevent seizure/ further seizure?

A

magnesium sulfate

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19
Q

What is kept at the bedside to prevent magnesium toxicity?

What are the s/s of toxicity?

A

calcium gluconate

decreased respirations and loss of deep tendon reflexes

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20
Q

When do organs begin to form?

A

4 weeks.

21
Q

When do we screen woman for gestational diabetes?

A
  • screen at 1st prenatal visit; recheck for all high risk pregnant woman at 24-28 weeks
  • infants can be large or small
22
Q

What happens when LH surges?

A

Responsible for affecting the final development and rupture of the mature follicle at the time of OVULATION to produce estrogen.

23
Q

What is the function on FSH?

A

Stimulates the ovary to produce 5-20 immature follicles, Highest and most important during first week of follicular phase.

24
Q

What are x-linked recessive inheritance disorders? (3)

A
  1. Hemophilia
  2. Color Blindness
  3. Duchenne muscular dystrophy
25
Q

How is x-linked recessive disorders passed on?

A

No male-to-male transmission. Any man with disorder will have carrier daughters.
If a woman is a carrier: 25% chance of affected son, 25% carrier daughter. 25 % chance of unaffected son, 25% non carrier daughter.

26
Q

What are the three types of lochia’s?

A

lochia rubra- deep-red; first 3-4 days
lochia serosa- pinkish brown; 3-10 days
lochia alba- creamy white or light brown; 10-14 days and can last 3-6 weeks
*C-sections have less blood

27
Q

How does postpartum psychosis differ from depression?

A
  1. Delusion / Hallucinations
  2. Thoughts of suicide and infanticide
  3. Extreme disorganization of thought
  4. Mania and bizarre behaviors.
28
Q

What immunizations should you not give a pregnant woman? (5)

A
  1. MMR and varicella
  2. TB (BCG)
  3. Influenza nasal spray (live, attenuated)
  4. Meningococcal
  5. Typhoid
29
Q

GBS– group b strep

A

mother is screened at 35-37 weeks– if positive, treat with antibiotics prior to birth— if baby contracts it, can develop sepsis, pneumonia, meningitis

30
Q

If a baby is going through cold stress, what can’t you give?

A

Insulin.

31
Q

Signs and symptoms of cold stress: (6)

A
  1. Lethargic
  2. Hypotonic
  3. Weak
  4. Glucose consumption leading to hypoglycemia.
  5. Oxygen and respiratory issues
  6. Acidosis and jaundice
32
Q

What is the duration of the pre-embryonic stage?

A

fertilization- 2nd week

33
Q

What is the duration of the embryonic stage?

A

end of the 2nd week-8th week

34
Q

What is the duration of the fetal stage?

A

end of the 8th week-birth

35
Q

Signs and symptoms of low platelets?

A

Bleeding, bruising, and petechiae.

36
Q

What is the role of the baby in a mother who has digestion diabetes?

A

The result is hypoglycemia as glucose is diverted to the fetus

37
Q

What is Chadwicks sign?

A

Bluish-purple coloration of vaginal mucosa and cervix

38
Q

approaching parents about fetal loss

A

provide mementos to validate death
allow unlimited time with stillborn
couples need to talk about it with the RN listening
assist in grief process to prep for future pregnancies

39
Q

What is HELLP and the s/s?

A

Hemolysis- resulting in anemia and jaundice
Elevated Liver enzymes
Low Platelet count

s/s: nausea, malaise, epigastric or RUQ pain, demonstrable edema

40
Q

What is the BP range and treatment for severe preeclampsia/ HELLP?

A

> 160/>110, proteinuria >500 mg in 24 hours

treatment: delivery of baby via vaginal delivery

41
Q

What is lightening?

A

Fetal head begins to descend into the pelvis. Breathing becomes easier but pressure in lower back and bladder (increasing urinary frequency).

42
Q

What is quickening?

A

When the woman begins to feel or perceive fetal movements for the first time.

43
Q

Signs and symptoms of low platelets?

A

Bleeding, bruising, and petechiae.

44
Q

s/s of amniotic fluid embolism:

A

most common is difficulty breathing

45
Q

What is the role of the baby in a mother who has digestion diabetes?

A

The result is hypoglycemia as glucose is diverted to the fetus

46
Q

why do we do amniocentesis?

A
  • to detect chromosomal abnormalities and several hereditary metabolic defects in the fetus before birth
  • used to confirm fetal abnormalities
  • genetic abnormalities tested at 11 and 14 weeks
  • rather than a “best guess” diagnosis
47
Q

Where is the baby at zero (0) station?

A

The presenting part is even to the ischial spines.

48
Q

Where is the baby if they are -1 station?

A

1 cm above ischial spines.

50
Q

Where are FSH and LH released from?

A

Anterior pituitary

Final (3 decks)

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