Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Data Management Foundations > OA Study > Flashcards

OA Study Flashcards

1
Q

What is a database application?

A

Software that helps business users interact with database systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the role of a database administrator?

A

Responsible for securing the database system against unauthorized users and enforcing procedures for user access and database system availability

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does authorization in database systems entail?

A

Many database users should have limited access to specific tables, columns, or rows of a database

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is metadata in the context of databases?

A

Data about the database, such as column names and the number of rows in each table

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How is a relational database structured?

A

Stores data in tables, columns, and rows, similar to a spreadsheet

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the SQL query language?

A

A standard language supported by all relational database systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the four main SQL statements?

A
  • INSERT
  • SELECT
  • UPDATE
  • DELETE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the CREATE TABLE statement do?

A

Creates a new table by specifying the table and column names, with each column assigned a data type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the common data types in a database?

A
  • INT
  • DECIMAL
  • VARCHAR
  • DATE
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the three phases of database design?

A
  • Analysis
  • Logical Design
  • Physical Design
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is an entity in database terms?

A

A person, place, activity, or thing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a relationship in a database context?

A

A link between entities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is an attribute in a database?

A

A descriptive property of an entity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What does logical design convert entities into?

A

Tables, keys, and columns

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the principle of data independence?

A

Physical design affects query processing speed but never affects the query result

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is an API in the context of databases?

A

Application programming interface that simplifies the use of SQL with a general-purpose language

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is a tuple in a database?

A

An ordered collection of elements enclosed in parentheses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What does a column in a table represent?

A

A named set of values, with each value corresponding to a data type

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are relational operations?

A
  • Select
  • Join
  • Union
  • Aggregate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What does the SELECT statement do?

A

Retrieves data from a table

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are the five sublanguages of SQL?

A
  • Data Definition Language (DDL)
  • Data Query Language (DQL)
  • Data Manipulation Language (DML)
  • Data Control Language (DCL)
  • Data Transaction Language (DTL)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is a primary key?

A

A column, or group of columns, used to identify a row

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is a foreign key?

A

A column, or group of columns, that refer to a primary key

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What does the UNIQUE constraint ensure?

A

Ensures that values in a column, or group of columns, are unique

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

What is the BETWEEN operator used for?

A

Determines if a value is between two other values

26
Q

What does the LIKE operator do?

A

Matches text against a pattern using wildcard characters % and _

27
Q

What is the purpose of the ORDER BY clause?

A

Orders selected rows by one or more columns in ascending or descending order

28
Q

What does the COUNT() function do?

A

Counts the number of rows in the set

29
Q

What is an equijoin?

A

A join that compares columns of two tables with the = operator

30
Q

What is a subquery?

A

A query within another SQL query

31
Q

What is an entity-relationship model?

A

A high-level representation of data requirements, ignoring implementation details

32
Q

What are the steps in the analysis phase of database design?

A
  • Discover entities, relationships, and attributes
  • Determine cardinality
  • Distinguish strong and weak entities
  • Create supertype and subtype entities
33
Q

What is a materialized view?

A

A view for which data is stored at all times and must be refreshed when base tables change

34
Q

What is the purpose of the model in database design?

A

Capturing data requirements while ignoring implementation details

35
Q

What does logical design convert in database design?

A

Entity-relationship model into tables, columns, and keys for a particular database system

36
Q

What does physical design specify in database design?

A

Indexes and how tables are organized on storage media

37
Q

What is the first step in the analysis process of database design?

A

Discover entities, relationships, and attributes

38
Q

Define cardinality in the context of database relationships

A

Maxima and minima of relationships and attributes

39
Q

What is the maximum in relationship cardinality?

A

The greatest number of instances of one entity that can relate to a single instance of another entity

40
Q

What is the minimum in relationship cardinality?

A

The least number of instances of one entity that can relate to a single instance of another entity

41
Q

What is a subtype entity?

A

A subset of another entity type, called the supertype entity

42
Q

What is the identifying relationship between a supertype and subtype called?

A

IsA relationship

43
Q

What is a partition of a supertype entity?

A

A group of mutually exclusive subtype entities

44
Q

What notation depicts cardinality in ER diagrams?

A

Crow’s foot notation

45
Q

What is an intangible entity in a data model?

A

Documented in the data model but not tracked with data in the database

46
Q

What is an artificial key?

A

A single-column primary key created by the database designer when no suitable primary key exists

47
Q

What is functional dependence?

A

Dependence of one column on another

48
Q

What does normalization aim to eliminate?

A

Redundancy by decomposing a table into two or more tables

49
Q

Define Boyce-Codd normal form

A

An ideal normal form for tables with frequent inserts, updates, and deletes

50
Q

What is denormalization?

A

Intentionally introducing redundancy by merging tables

51
Q

List four alternative table structures supported by databases

A
  • Heap table
  • Sorted table
  • Hash table
  • Table cluster
52
Q

What is a heap table?

A

A table where no order is imposed on rows

53
Q

What is the purpose of a hash table?

A

Assigns rows to buckets

54
Q

What is a table scan?

A

A database operation that reads table blocks directly, without accessing an index

55
Q

What is a dense index?

A

An index that contains an entry for every table row

56
Q

What is a multi-level index?

A

Stores column values and row pointers in a hierarchy

57
Q

What does a bitmap index consist of?

A

A grid of bits containing ones and zeros

58
Q

What is a tablespace in database terminology?

A

A database object that maps one or more tables to a single file

59
Q

What does physical design affect in database management?

A

Query performance but never affects query results

60
Q

What is the SQL syntax to create an index?

A

CREATE INDEX IndexName ON TableName (Column1, Column2, …, ColumnN)

Data Management Foundations (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions