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125 Osteoarthritis > OA > Flashcards

OA Flashcards

1
Q

Definition arthralgia

A

pain from joints

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2
Q

define arthropathy

A

joint abnormality

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3
Q

define monoarthritis

A

one joint

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4
Q

define oligoarthritis

A

2-4 joints

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5
Q

define polyarthritis

A

5+ joints

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6
Q

define synovitus

A

clinically apparent synovial joint inflammation

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7
Q

define capsilitus

A

inflammation of joint capsule

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8
Q

define tenosynovitus

A

inflammation of tendon sheath

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9
Q

define myostisis

A

inflammation of muscle

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10
Q

define subluxation

A

articular surfaces not aligned, but remain in contact. ‘partial dislocation’

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11
Q

Joint pain, swelling, asymmetrical oligoarthritis, commonly in DIP joints, pt has chronic skin condition.

A

Psoriatic arthritis.

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12
Q

25 year old, chronic dull pain in lower back, loss of movement in spine.

A

Ankylosing spondylitis. Oligoarthritis. Autoimmune of axial bones, can cause fusion of spine.

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13
Q

Inflammation of large joints, inflammation of eyes (conjunctivitis), urinary tract inflammation. Poss recent infection.

A

Reactive arthritis. Autoimmune, reaction to infection (may be later onset), often in a different part of the body.

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14
Q

relatively rapid onset inflammation around any joint - pain, red, swelling, heat, lof

A

Septic arthritis. infection of synovial membrane. more likely in replacement joints. Medical emergency.

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15
Q

50 year old, activity related joint pain, morning stiffness lasting no longer than 30 mins. Diagnosis and investigations?

A

OA NO INVESTIGATIONS if has these symptoms and over 45.

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16
Q

What is the general advice given for OA?

A

Exercise - local muscle strengthening and

CV Weight - loss if overweight

17
Q

What non-pharmacological therapy can be offered for OA?

A

Thermotherapy Electrotherapy Aids (e.g. walking stick)

18
Q

What pharmacological therapy can be offered for OA?

A

Analgesics - Paracetamol and/or topical NSAIDs should be considered

oral NSAIDs.

Step up to opioids if necessary.

Topical capsaicin as an adjunct. Surgery.

19
Q

define OA

A

Breakdown of articular cartilage with proliferative changes in surrounding bones.

20
Q

What are the risk factors for primary OA?

A

Age

Sex

Obesity

Familial Hx

Repeated trauma

21
Q

What are the risk factors for secondary OA?

A

Trauma

previous disorders

infection

inflammation eg RA

metabolic disorder eg gout

22
Q

Signs and symptoms of OA

A

Joint pain/tenderness

Limited movement

Crepitus

Effusion

23
Q

Is OA mono, oligo, or polyarthritic?

A

ALL!

24
Q

What cartilage in the knee is most likely to be affected by OA?

A

Medial meniscus

25
Q

Where on the hand is OA most likely to be present?

A

Distal Interphalangeal joint. also common on PIP

26
Q

What is an OA node on the distal inter phalangeal joint called?

A

Herberden’s node.

27
Q

What is an OA node on the proximal inter pharyngeal int called?

A

Bouchard’s node.

28
Q

If aspirated, what colour will fluid from an OA v RA joint be and why?

A

OA will be straw coloured, RA will be opaque due to the presence of leukocytes.

29
Q

What are varus knees?

A

bowed out

30
Q

What are valgus knees?

A

bowed in

31
Q

describe Trendelenberg gait

A

attempt to minimise the pain by dropping the pelvis on the contralateral side during stance.

32
Q

what is the gait by which a foot is swung around into the forward step, rather than through. Why would a pt do this?

A

circumduction

Done when a leg cannot be straightened.

33
Q

What is eburnation?

A

bone rubbing on bone, cartilage has gone, bone becomes polished and hardened.

34
Q

what surgery is done to repair the integrity of the knee joint (not a TKR)?

A

Arthroplasty

35
Q

Why is knee surgery not advised for younger patients?

A

They will outlive the knee, and a second replacement is much more difficult.

36
Q
A

Varus

37
Q
A

Valgus

125 Osteoarthritis (1 decks)

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