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O+G > O+G test > Flashcards

O+G test Flashcards

1
Q

Leading cause of maternal death in UK

A

Sepsis

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2
Q

Leading cause of maternal death in first trimester

A

Ectopic

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3
Q

Leading cause of maternal death worldwide

A

Haemorrhage

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4
Q

At what gestation does fetes gain legal rights in UK?

A

None until birth

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5
Q

Most common site of ectopic pregnancy

A

ampulla

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6
Q

Most common place of rupture of ectopic pregnancy

A

isthmus

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7
Q

Cervical cytology result = borderline + HPV+

A

colposcopy

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8
Q

Types of HPV considered to be high risk?

A

16, 18, 31, 33

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9
Q

what type of hormone is oestrogen

A

steroid

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10
Q

where is LH produced

A

anterior pituitary

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11
Q 
which does not produce progesterone:
corpus luteum
adrenal cortex
adipose fat
thyroid
placenta
A

thyroid

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12
Q 
which hormone does not exhibit diurnal variation
cortisol
TSH
FSH
GH
prolactin
A

FSH - monthly cyclical pattern in females

NB during puberty only, LH higher at night

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13
Q

what is responsible for ovulation

A

LH surge

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14
Q 
which of the following is not a function of oestrogen
maintaining bone density
vasodilation
reduce platelet activation
increase skin pigmentation
proliferation of endometrium
A

reduce platelet activation

(patchy kin/linea nigra during pregnancy)
(vasodilation –> hot flushes)
(INCREASED platelet activation –> increased clots/VTE)

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15
Q 
Which is not true re B-hCG?
stimulates release of thyroid
produced by certain tumours e.g. germ cell
produced primarily by fetes in pregnancy
can cause ovarian cysts
high in multiple pregnancies
A

produced primarily by fetes in pregnancy

produced by syncitiotrophoblasts

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16
Q

1st line treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding

A

Mirena

17
Q

mechanisms of COCP

A

reduce ovulation
reduce endometrial receptivity to blastocyte
reduce FSH release from pituitary
reduce sperm penetration of mucus plug

18
Q

what day post fertilisation os blastocyst formed?

A

5

19
Q

what gestation can feral movements first be felt?

A

18 weeks

20
Q

what gestation should you investigate if no fetal movements felt yet?

Possible causes?

A

20 weeks

anterior placenta
obesity
oligohydramnios

21
Q 
which is abnormal in pregnancy
low Hb
high WCC
low platelets
low Cr
high alk phos
A

low platelets

common but not normal

22
Q

what does foramen ovale carry?

A

oxygenated blood RA –> LA

23
Q 
Which is not autosomal recessive?
(and what is each condition)
tay sachs
CF
Wilsons
Sickle cell
Huntingtons
A

Huntingdons = autosomal dominant neurodegeneration

Tay Sachs = progressive deterioration of neurons due to accumulation of gangliosides (cell membrane components = sphingolipids), begins ~ 6months, death by 4 years. No cure.

CF = mutation in CFTR gene = cF transmembrane conductance regulator. Thick secretions. Dx = newborn screening, genetic testing, sweat test. No cure. Mx = resp physio, psych, lifestyle, abx, transplant?

Wilsons = copper accumulation in tissues –> neuro/psych sx + liver disease

24
Q

Trisomy 13

A

Patau’s

small head
no eyebrows
clenched fist
polydactyly
shield chest
large occiput
undescended testes
small mouth/jaw/neck
cleft lip/palate
malformed ears
25
Q 
what does not support the uterus?
infundilbular
round
cardinal
uterosacral
pubocervical
A

infundibular = ovary –> wall

cardinal = transverse cervical - NB close to ureters in hysterectomy

26
Q 
which is not a term for a female pelvis:
android
gynaecoid
platypolloid
ovaloid
anthropoid
A

ovaloid

android = heart shaped (like male)
gynaecoid = 50% = best shape
platypolloid = large transverse diameter
anthropoid = large AP diameter
27
Q

72 years, brown stained vagina discharge, single episode. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A

Atrophic vaginitis

NB > malignancy but must rule malignancy out!

28
Q

34 yr, PV bleed + lower abdo pain, thickened endometrium, no adnexal mass, small amount of fluid in pouch of Douglas

A

ectopic pregnancy

NB only 30% present haemodynamically unstable!!
Diarrhoea often presents before PV bleed
Diarrhoea + positive BhCG = ectopic.
Fluid in pouch of Douglas = diagnostic

29
Q

Symptoms of endometriosis

A 
None
dysmennorhoea
chronic pelvic pain
deep dyspareunia
subfertility
cyclical bowel/bladder sx (pain/bleeding)
dyschezia (pain on defecation)
dysuria
30
Q

15 years, severe vomiting, PV bleeding, + ruing BhCG, 6 weeks after LMP, newly distended abdomen

A

Molar pregnancy

hCG produced by trophoblastic tissue causes nausea and vomiting
complete mole > partial mole due to more trophoblastic tissue (partial mole is part fetus)

31
Q

Gestation that fundus should leave pelvis

A

12 weeks

32
Q

11 yr, lower ab pain for 3/7, decreased appetite, temperature, tender to palpation in RIF, not sexually active, pre-pubertal, passing urine normally, runny most, cervical LN.

A

Mesenteric adenitis

NB often presents with RIF pain therefore commonly mistaken for appendicitis.

O+G (5 decks)

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