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Medicine Y5 KD > O&G > Flashcards

O&G Flashcards

1
Q

What fluids are given in hyperemesis gravidarum?

A

IV saline + KCl + cyclizine

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2
Q

What drugs are used in hyperemesis gravidarum?

A 
Anti-histamine = promethazine
Anti-emetic = cyclizine, ondasetron, metoclopramide
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3
Q

Which position are pregnant women put in during distress?

A

Left lateral position - prevents uterine compression of IVC

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4
Q

How do you calculate Parity?

A

Number of viable pregnancies over 24w - e.g. stillbirth still counts

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5
Q

What does Parity 1+1 mean?

A

1 pregnancy before 24w

1 miscarriage before 24w

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6
Q

What dates are anti-D given?

A

28 and 34 weeks to Rh-ve mothers

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7
Q

Which analgesia is used in LS C-section?

A

Spinal anaesthesia

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8
Q

What are the 4 grades of C-section?

A

1 - emergency
2 - urgent
3 - scheduled
4 - elective

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9
Q

What are 2 risks of breech?

A

Cord prolapse

DDH

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10
Q

How do you do induction of labour?

A
  1. Membrane Sweep to stimulate natural prostaglandins
  2. PGE-2 gel
  3. Amniotomy + oxytocin
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11
Q

What are the 3 treatments for shoulder dystocia?

A
  1. McRoberts
  2. Episiotomy + rotational manoeuvre
  3. Hands and Knees Position
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12
Q

For which patients is prophylaxis for pre-eclampsia given?

A

75mg Aspirin from 12w

1 high risk: CKD, DM, previous HTN in pregnancy, HTN normally, autoimmune (APS, SLE)

2 medium risk: obesity, 10 year gap, multiple pregnancy, over 40, nuliparity

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13
Q

When do obstetric cholestasis / acute fatty liver of pregnancy present?

A

3rd trimester, after 30 weeks

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14
Q

What are LFTs in obstetric cholestasis / acute fatty liver of pregnancy?

A

Obstetric cholestasis - high ALP, high GGT

Acute fatty liver - high ALT

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15
Q

What is a common feature of HEELP urine?

A

Coca Cola Urine

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16
Q

How long is LMWH given in pregnancy?

A

High risk (e.g. APS, hyperemesis, previous VTE) - start until 6 weeks post partum

Medium risk - 28 weeks to 6 weeks post partum

Low risk - 10 days post partum

17
Q

Ix for APS

A

Cardiolipin Ab

18
Q

Level of platelets in APS

A

Low platelets (Thrombocytopaenia)

19
Q

What should be given to epileptic patients from 36w?

A

Vitamin K

20
Q

What is given if there is a seizure during pregnancy?

A

Benzos

21
Q

What is the difference between PROM and PPROM?

A

PROM is rupture with absence of uterine contractions, after 37 weeks.
PPROM is rupture with absence of uterine contractions, before 37 weeks

22
Q

What is Mx of PPROM?

A

(If before 34w)
48h - keep in hospital, erythromycin + steroids + dexamethasone
Discharge if no spontaneous labour

23
Q

What is Mx of PROM?

A

(After 37w)
24h - wait for spontaneous labour
Induce if not

24
Q

3 common causes of premature birth?

A

Bacterial vaginosis
IUGR
Gestational diabetes

25
Q

Describe threatened miscarriage

A

Bleeding
No pain
Cervical os closed

26
Q

Describe what is unique about inevitable miscarriage

A

Only one with cervical os OPEN

27
Q

Describe completed miscarriage

A

Bleeding

28
Q

Complications of Oligohydramnios and Polyhydramnios

A 
Oligo = pulmonary hypoplasia + clubbed feet (Potter)
Poly = cord prolapse + PROM
29
Q

In which situations are anti-Ab given apart from sensitising events?

A

ALL Rh-ve women at 28w and 34w

30
Q

Reasons for maternal IV benpen during birth for GBS prophylaxis

A

GBS in previous pregnancy
GBS detected earlier
Fever during labour
Premature

31
Q

Reasons for fetal IV benpen after birth

A

High risk:

  • Chorioamnionitis
  • PROM
  • Premature
32
Q

Complications of Multiple Pregnancy

A

Hyperemesis (more BHCG)
Pre-eclampsia
PROM
DM

33
Q

How do you Mx ‘small for gestational age’

A

USS every 2w

If normal uterine artery doppler, no Mx

34
Q

How do you Mx IUGR

A

If at term, deliver

35
Q

Cause of IUGR

A

Pre-eclampsia
Placental abruption
Cocaine, smoking
Maternal age > 40

36
Q

2 main organisms of maternal sepsis

A

Group A Strep
E.coli

GBS causes NEONATAL sepsis, not maternal!

Medicine Y5 KD (4 decks)

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